Androgen deprivation therapy and future Alzheimer's disease risk

Kevin T. Nead, Greg Gaskin, Cariad Chester, Samuel Swisher-McClure, Joel T. Dudley, Nicholas J. Leeper, Nigam H. Shah

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

156 Scopus citations

Abstract

Purpose To test the association of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in the treatment of prostate cancer with subsequent Alzheimer's disease risk. Methods We used a previously validated and implemented text-processing pipeline to analyze electronic medical record data in a retrospective cohort of patients at Stanford University andMt. Sinai hospitals. Specifically, we extracted International Classification of Diseases-9th revision diagnosis and Current Procedural Terminology codes, medication lists, and positive-present mentions of drug and disease concepts from all clinical notes.We then tested the effect of ADT on risk of Alzheimer's disease using 1:5 propensity score-matched and traditional multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazardsmodels. The duration of ADT use was also tested for association with Alzheimer's disease risk. Results There were 16,888 individuals with prostate cancer meeting all inclusion and exclusion criteria, with 2,397 (14.2%) receiving ADT during a median follow-up period of 2.7 years (interquartile range, 1.0- 5.4 years). Propensity score-matched analysis (hazard ratio, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.10 to 3.20; P = .021) and traditional multivariable-adjusted Cox regression analysis (hazard ratio, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.05 to 2.64; P = .031) both supported a statistically significant association between ADT use and Alzheimer's disease risk. We also observed a statistically significant increased risk of Alzheimer's disease with increasing duration of ADT (P = .016). Conclusion Our results support an association between the use of ADT in the treatment of prostate cancer and an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease in a general population cohort. This study demonstrates the utility of novel methods to analyze electronic medical record data to generate practice-based evidence.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)566-571
Number of pages6
JournalJournal of Clinical Oncology
Volume34
Issue number6
DOIs
StatePublished - Feb 20 2016
Externally publishedYes

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Oncology
  • Cancer Research

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