@article{9fdcc826fd6a4237970c81bbe53dceb3,
title = "Dietary fiber and probiotics influence the gut microbiome and melanoma immunotherapy response",
abstract = "Gut bacteria modulate the response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) treatment in cancer, but the effect of diet and supplements on this interaction is not well studied. We assessed fecal microbiota profiles, dietary habits, and commercially available probiotic supplement use in melanoma patients and performed parallel preclinical studies. Higher dietary fiber was associated with significantly improved progression-free survival in 128 patients on ICB, with the most pronounced benefit observed in patients with sufficient dietary fiber intake and no probiotic use. Findings were recapitulated in preclinical models, which demonstrated impaired treatment response to anti-programmed cell death 1 (anti-PD-1)-based therapy in mice receiving a low-fiber diet or probiotics, with a lower frequency of interferon-g-positive cytotoxic T cells in the tumor microenvironment. Together, these data have clinical implications for patients receiving ICB for cancer.",
author = "Spencer, {Christine N.} and McQuade, {Jennifer L.} and Vancheswaran Gopalakrishnan and McCulloch, {John A.} and Marie Vetizou and Cogdill, {Alexandria P.} and {Wadud Khan}, {Md A.} and Xiaotao Zhang and White, {Michael G.} and Peterson, {Christine B.} and Wong, {Matthew C.} and Golnaz Morad and Theresa Rodgers and Badger, {Jonathan H.} and Helmink, {Beth A.} and Andrews, {Miles C.} and Rodrigues, {Richard R.} and Andrey Morgun and Kim, {Young S.} and Jason Roszik and Hoffman, {Kristi Louise} and Jiali Zheng and Yifan Zhou and Medik, {Yusra B.} and Kahn, {Laura M.} and Sarah Johnson and Hudgens, {Courtney W.} and Khalida Wani and Gaudreau, {Pierre Olivier} and Harris, {Angela L.} and Jamal, {Mohamed A.} and Baruch, {Erez N.} and Eva Perez-Guijarro and Day, {Chi Ping} and Glenn Merlino and Barbara Pazdrak and Lochmann, {Brooke S.} and Szczepaniak-Sloane, {Robert A.} and Reetakshi Arora and Jaime Anderson and Zobniw, {Chrystia M.} and Eliza Posada and Elizabeth Sirmans and Julie Simon and Haydu, {Lauren E.} and Burton, {Elizabeth M.} and Linghua Wang and Minghao Dang and Karen Clise-Dwyer and Sarah Schneider and Thomas Chapman and Anang, {Nana Ama A.S.} and Sheila Duncan and Joseph Toker and Malke, {Jared C.} and Glitza, {Isabella C.} and Amaria, {Rodabe N.} and Tawbi, {Hussein A.} and Adi Diab and Wong, {Michael K.} and Patel, {Sapna P.} and Woodman, {Scott E.} and Davies, {Michael A.} and Ross, {Merrick I.} and Gershenwald, {Jeffrey E.} and Lee, {Jeffrey E.} and Patrick Hwu and Vanessa Jensen and Yardena Samuels and Ravid Straussman and Ajami, {Nadim J.} and Nelson, {Kelly C.} and Luigi Nezi and Petrosino, {Joseph F.} and {Andrew Futreal}, P. and Lazar, {Alexander J.} and Jianhua Hu and Jenq, {Robert R.} and Michael Tetzlaff and Yan Yan and Garrett, {Wendy S.} and Curtis Huttenhower and Padmanee Sharma and Watowich, {Stephanie S.} and Allison, {James P.} and Lorenzo Cohen and Giorgio Trinchieri and Daniel, {Carrie R.} and Wargo, {Jennifer A.}",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 American Association for the Advancement of Science. All rights reserved.",
year = "2021",
month = dec,
day = "24",
doi = "10.1126/science.aaz7015",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "374",
pages = "1632--1640",
journal = "Science",
issn = "0036-8075",
publisher = "American Association for the Advancement of Science",
number = "6575",
}