TY - JOUR
T1 - Exosomes in cancer development, metastasis, and immunity
AU - Zhang, Lin
AU - Yu, Dihua
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2019/4
Y1 - 2019/4
N2 - Exosomes play essential roles in intercellular communications. The exosome was discovered in 1983, when it was found that reticulocytes release 50-nm small vesicles carrying transferrin receptors into the extracellular space. Since then, our understanding of the mechanism and function of the exosome has expanded exponentially that has transformed our perspective of inter-cellular exchanges and the molecular mechanisms that underlie disease progression. Cancer cells generally produce more exosomes than normal cells, and exosomes derived from cancer cells have a strong capacity to modify both local and distant microenvironments. In this review, we summarize the functions of exosomes in cancer development, metastasis, and anti-tumor or pro-tumor immunity, plus their application in cancer treatment and diagnosis/prognosis. Although the exosome field has rapidly advanced, we still do not fully understand the regulation and function of exosomes in detail and still face many challenges in their clinical application. Continued discoveries in this field will bring novel insights on intercellular communications involved in various biological functions and disease progression, thus empowering us to effectively tackle accompanying clinical challenges.
AB - Exosomes play essential roles in intercellular communications. The exosome was discovered in 1983, when it was found that reticulocytes release 50-nm small vesicles carrying transferrin receptors into the extracellular space. Since then, our understanding of the mechanism and function of the exosome has expanded exponentially that has transformed our perspective of inter-cellular exchanges and the molecular mechanisms that underlie disease progression. Cancer cells generally produce more exosomes than normal cells, and exosomes derived from cancer cells have a strong capacity to modify both local and distant microenvironments. In this review, we summarize the functions of exosomes in cancer development, metastasis, and anti-tumor or pro-tumor immunity, plus their application in cancer treatment and diagnosis/prognosis. Although the exosome field has rapidly advanced, we still do not fully understand the regulation and function of exosomes in detail and still face many challenges in their clinical application. Continued discoveries in this field will bring novel insights on intercellular communications involved in various biological functions and disease progression, thus empowering us to effectively tackle accompanying clinical challenges.
KW - Cancer
KW - Exosome
KW - Extracellular vesicles
KW - Immunity
KW - Intercellular communication
KW - Metastasis
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U2 - 10.1016/j.bbcan.2019.04.004
DO - 10.1016/j.bbcan.2019.04.004
M3 - Review article
C2 - 31047959
AN - SCOPUS:85065104243
SN - 0304-419X
VL - 1871
SP - 455
EP - 468
JO - Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Reviews on Cancer
JF - Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Reviews on Cancer
IS - 2
ER -