Exploring the cancer experiences of young adults in the context of stem cell transplantation

Background: Cancer is the leading cause of nonaccidental morbidity and mortality among young adults (YAs) in the United States. Stem cell transplantation (SCT), a treatment modality for a variety of YA malignancies, often requires prolonged hospitalization and immune-compromising treatment regimens. Stem cell transplantation may isolate YAs physically and emotionally, contributing to uncertainty about treatment processes, outcomes, and long-term sequelae. Studies in this population suggest that uncertainty can contribute to difficulty accomplishing basic developmental tasks. Few studies have examined the experiences of YAs in active cancer treatment, particularly those undergoing SCT. Objectives: This study explored the cancer experiences of YAs aged 18 to 25 years leading up to SCT and explored how YAs construct issues of uncertainty related to the transplantation experience. Methods: Interviews with 14 YAs conducted within 24 hours of admission to undergo SCT were analyzed using thematic analysis from a medical ethnographic perspective. Results: Themes emerged within 2 domains: relational and psychoemotional. The relational theme of "altered relationships" included the subthemes of "moving from" and "moving toward." The psychoemotional theme of the "power of perspective" included the subthemes of "optimism," "acknowledgment of death," "informational empowerment," and "developing a new outlook." Conclusions: Our findings offer new insights into the YA experience in the context of active cancer treatment, specifically how the cancer experience impacts relationships and how this experience is influenced by YAs' perspectives. Implications for Practice: This study provides a foundation for addressing the psychosocial needs of YAs hospitalized for SCT, paying particular attention to the development of specific interventions.