TY - JOUR
T1 - Immune-related adverse events of checkpoint inhibitors
AU - Ramos-Casals, Manuel
AU - Brahmer, Julie R.
AU - Callahan, Margaret K.
AU - Flores-Chávez, Alejandra
AU - Keegan, Niamh
AU - Khamashta, Munther A.
AU - Lambotte, Olivier
AU - Mariette, Xavier
AU - Prat, Aleix
AU - Suárez-Almazor, Maria E.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2020, Springer Nature Limited.
PY - 2020/12/1
Y1 - 2020/12/1
N2 - Cancer immunotherapies have changed the landscape of cancer treatment during the past few decades. Among them, immune checkpoint inhibitors, which target PD-1, PD-L1 and CTLA-4, are increasingly used for certain cancers; however, this increased use has resulted in increased reports of immune-related adverse events (irAEs). These irAEs are unique and are different to those of traditional cancer therapies, and typically have a delayed onset and prolonged duration. IrAEs can involve any organ or system. These effects are frequently low grade and are treatable and reversible; however, some adverse effects can be severe and lead to permanent disorders. Management is primarily based on corticosteroids and other immunomodulatory agents, which should be prescribed carefully to reduce the potential of short-term and long-term complications. Thoughtful management of irAEs is important in optimizing quality of life and long-term outcomes.
AB - Cancer immunotherapies have changed the landscape of cancer treatment during the past few decades. Among them, immune checkpoint inhibitors, which target PD-1, PD-L1 and CTLA-4, are increasingly used for certain cancers; however, this increased use has resulted in increased reports of immune-related adverse events (irAEs). These irAEs are unique and are different to those of traditional cancer therapies, and typically have a delayed onset and prolonged duration. IrAEs can involve any organ or system. These effects are frequently low grade and are treatable and reversible; however, some adverse effects can be severe and lead to permanent disorders. Management is primarily based on corticosteroids and other immunomodulatory agents, which should be prescribed carefully to reduce the potential of short-term and long-term complications. Thoughtful management of irAEs is important in optimizing quality of life and long-term outcomes.
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U2 - 10.1038/s41572-020-0160-6
DO - 10.1038/s41572-020-0160-6
M3 - Review article
C2 - 32382051
AN - SCOPUS:85084399481
SN - 2056-676X
VL - 6
JO - Nature Reviews Disease Primers
JF - Nature Reviews Disease Primers
IS - 1
M1 - 38
ER -