Long noncoding RNAs in prostate cancer: mechanisms and applications

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

12 Scopus citations

Abstract

A large proportion of the control of gene expression in humans is mediated by noncoding elements in the genome. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as a new class of pivotal regulatory components, orchestrating extensive cellular processes and connections. LncRNAs play various roles from chromatin modification to alternative splicing and post-transcriptional processing and are involved in almost all aspects of eukaryotic regulation. LncRNA-based mechanisms modulate cell fates during development, and their dysregulation underscores many human disorders, especially cancer, through chromosomal translocation, deletion, and nucleotide expansions. Recent studies demonstrate that multiple prostate cancer risk loci are associated with lncRNAs and that ectopic expression of these transcripts triggers a cascade of cellular events driving tumor initiation and progression. The recent increased rate of discovery of lncRNAs has been leveraged for application in clinical strategies such as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Despite this potential, many issues remain to be addressed in this fast-growing field.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Article numbere963469
JournalMolecular and Cellular Oncology
Volume1
Issue number3
DOIs
StatePublished - Sep 15 2014

Keywords

  • biomarker
  • epigenetic modification
  • long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs)
  • metastasis
  • prostate cancer
  • regulatory mechanism
  • therapeutic target

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Molecular Medicine
  • Cancer Research

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