Molecular testing of head and neck tumors

Per cubic centimeter, the head and neck region gives rise to a greater diversity of neoplasms than any other site in the human body does. The diversity is due partly to the anatomic complexity of and highly varied tissues in this compact area. Two unique areas of study within the head and neck region are squamous mucosal lesions and salivary gland tumors. Results of morphologic, histologic, and immunohistochemical analyses are the mainstay of diagnosis, but recent advances in molecular pathology are being used to identify potential targets, and for pathologists as aid for the diagnostic approach. This chapter provides contemporary information on the molecular characterization and testing of head and neck squamous epithelial lesions and salivary gland tumors for clinical management.