TY - JOUR
T1 - Multifunctional Applications of Engineered Extracellular Vesicles in the Treatment of Cancer
AU - Kugeratski, Fernanda G.
AU - McAndrews, Kathleen M.
AU - Kalluri, Raghu
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Endocrine Society. All rights reserved.For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.
PY - 2021/3/1
Y1 - 2021/3/1
N2 - Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are key players of intercellular communication in the physiological and pathological setting. In cancer, EVs mediate complex signaling mechanisms between cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME), and can influence tumor progression and the response to existing therapies. Importantly, EVs can be loaded with therapeutic agents and modified to display tumor-targeting molecules. In the field of nanomedicine, EVs have been engineered to serve as therapeutic delivery vehicles for several anticancer agents, including antibodies, chemotherapy, compounds, CRISPR/Cas9 (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-associated endonuclease 9), and small interfering RNA (siRNA). Notably, the engineered EVs were shown to suppress malignant features of cancer cells, to elicit antitumor immunity, and to decrease tumor angiogenesis. Here, we review the EV-based therapies designed to target cancer cells and to educate components of the TME to drive antitumor responses. These studies illustrate the multifunctional applications of EVs in the development of anticancer therapies and their translational potential for cancer treatment.
AB - Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are key players of intercellular communication in the physiological and pathological setting. In cancer, EVs mediate complex signaling mechanisms between cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME), and can influence tumor progression and the response to existing therapies. Importantly, EVs can be loaded with therapeutic agents and modified to display tumor-targeting molecules. In the field of nanomedicine, EVs have been engineered to serve as therapeutic delivery vehicles for several anticancer agents, including antibodies, chemotherapy, compounds, CRISPR/Cas9 (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-associated endonuclease 9), and small interfering RNA (siRNA). Notably, the engineered EVs were shown to suppress malignant features of cancer cells, to elicit antitumor immunity, and to decrease tumor angiogenesis. Here, we review the EV-based therapies designed to target cancer cells and to educate components of the TME to drive antitumor responses. These studies illustrate the multifunctional applications of EVs in the development of anticancer therapies and their translational potential for cancer treatment.
KW - antiangiogenic therapy
KW - anticancer therapy
KW - exosomes
KW - extracellular vesicles
KW - immunotherapy
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U2 - 10.1210/endocr/bqaa250
DO - 10.1210/endocr/bqaa250
M3 - Review article
C2 - 33411885
AN - SCOPUS:85100090184
SN - 0013-7227
VL - 162
JO - Endocrinology
JF - Endocrinology
IS - 3
M1 - bqaa250
ER -