TY - JOUR
T1 - Non-cardiovascular findings in clinical cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging in children
AU - Ghadimi Mahani, Maryam
AU - Morani, Ajaykumar C.
AU - Lu, Jimmy C.
AU - Fazeli Dehkordy, Soudabeh
AU - Jeph, Sunil
AU - Dorfman, Adam L.
AU - Agarwal, Prachi P.
PY - 2016/4/1
Y1 - 2016/4/1
N2 - Background: With increasing use of pediatric cardiovascular MRI, it is important for all imagers to become familiar with the spectrum of non-cardiovascular imaging findings that can be encountered. Objective: This study aims to ascertain the prevalence and nature of these findings in pediatric cardiovascular MRIs performed at our institution. Materials and methods: We retrospectively evaluated reports of all cardiovascular MRI studies performed at our institute from January 2008 to October 2012 in patients younger than18 years. Most studies (98%) were jointly interpreted by a pediatric cardiologist and a radiologist. We reviewed the electronic medical records of all cases with non-cardiovascular findings, defined as any imaging finding outside the cardiovascular system. Non-cardiovascular findings were classified into significant and non-significant, based on whether they were known at the time of imaging or they required additional workup or a change in management. Results: In 849 consecutive studies (mean age 9.7 ± 6.3 years), 145 non-cardiovascular findings were found in 140 studies (16.5% of total studies). Overall, 51.0% (74/145) of non-cardiovascular findings were in the abdomen, 30.3% (44/145) were in the chest, and 18.6% (27/145) were in the spine. A total of 19 significant non-cardiovascular findings were observed in 19 studies in individual patients (2.2% of total studies, 47% male, mean age 5.9 ± 6.7 years). Significant non-cardiovascular findings included hepatic adenoma, arterially enhancing focal liver lesions, asplenia, solitary kidney, pelvicaliectasis, renal cystic diseases, gastric distention, adrenal hemorrhage, lung hypoplasia, air space disease, bronchial narrowing, pneumomediastinum and retained surgical sponge. Conclusion: Non-cardiovascular findings were seen in 16.5% of cardiovascular MRI studies in children, of which 2.2% were clinically significant findings. Prevalence and nature of these non-cardiovascular findings are different from those reported in adults. Attention to these findings is important during interpretation.
AB - Background: With increasing use of pediatric cardiovascular MRI, it is important for all imagers to become familiar with the spectrum of non-cardiovascular imaging findings that can be encountered. Objective: This study aims to ascertain the prevalence and nature of these findings in pediatric cardiovascular MRIs performed at our institution. Materials and methods: We retrospectively evaluated reports of all cardiovascular MRI studies performed at our institute from January 2008 to October 2012 in patients younger than18 years. Most studies (98%) were jointly interpreted by a pediatric cardiologist and a radiologist. We reviewed the electronic medical records of all cases with non-cardiovascular findings, defined as any imaging finding outside the cardiovascular system. Non-cardiovascular findings were classified into significant and non-significant, based on whether they were known at the time of imaging or they required additional workup or a change in management. Results: In 849 consecutive studies (mean age 9.7 ± 6.3 years), 145 non-cardiovascular findings were found in 140 studies (16.5% of total studies). Overall, 51.0% (74/145) of non-cardiovascular findings were in the abdomen, 30.3% (44/145) were in the chest, and 18.6% (27/145) were in the spine. A total of 19 significant non-cardiovascular findings were observed in 19 studies in individual patients (2.2% of total studies, 47% male, mean age 5.9 ± 6.7 years). Significant non-cardiovascular findings included hepatic adenoma, arterially enhancing focal liver lesions, asplenia, solitary kidney, pelvicaliectasis, renal cystic diseases, gastric distention, adrenal hemorrhage, lung hypoplasia, air space disease, bronchial narrowing, pneumomediastinum and retained surgical sponge. Conclusion: Non-cardiovascular findings were seen in 16.5% of cardiovascular MRI studies in children, of which 2.2% were clinically significant findings. Prevalence and nature of these non-cardiovascular findings are different from those reported in adults. Attention to these findings is important during interpretation.
KW - Children
KW - Congenital heart disease
KW - Heart
KW - Incidental findings
KW - Magnetic resonance imaging
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84954153108&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84954153108&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s00247-015-3512-8
DO - 10.1007/s00247-015-3512-8
M3 - Article
C2 - 26754539
AN - SCOPUS:84954153108
SN - 0301-0449
VL - 46
SP - 473
EP - 482
JO - Pediatric Radiology
JF - Pediatric Radiology
IS - 4
ER -