TY - JOUR
T1 - Ovarian stimulation for in vitro fertilization alters the intrauterine cytokine, chemokine, and growth factor milieu encountered by the embryo
AU - Boomsma, Carolien M.
AU - Kavelaars, Annemieke
AU - Eijkemans, Marinus J.C.
AU - Fauser, Bart C.J.M.
AU - Heijnen, Cobi J.
AU - MacKlon, Nick S.
N1 - Funding Information:
C.M.B. has nothing to disclose. A.K. has nothing to disclose. M.J.C.E. has nothing to disclose. B.C.J.F. has received fees and grant support from the following companies (in alphabetic order); Andromed, Ardana, Ferring, Merck Serono, Organon, Pantharei Bioscience, PreLem, Schering Plough, Schering, and Wyeth. C.J.H. has nothing to disclose. N.S.M. has received fees and grant support from the following companies (in alphabetic order); Andromed, Ferring, Merck Serono, Organon, and Schering Plough.
PY - 2010/10
Y1 - 2010/10
N2 - Objective: To elucidate the impact of ovarian stimulation on the intrauterine milieu represented by the cytokine, chemokine, and growth factor profile in endometrial secretions aspirated before embryo transfer. Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: Fertility center in tertiary referral university hospital. Patient(s): Forty-two patients undergoing ovarian stimulation with GnRH analogues were recruited. They participated in both a natural and an ovarian-stimulated cycle for within patient comparisons. Intervention(s): Endometrial secretion aspiration was performed immediately before embryo transfer. Main Outcome Measure(s): The concentrations of 17 mediators known to be involved in human embryo implantation were assessed by multiplex immunoassay. Result(s): After correction for multiple testing, significantly higher concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-5, IL-10, IL-12, IL-17, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, heparin-binding epidermal growth factor (HbEGF), eotaxin, and dickkopf homologue-1 were present in endometrial secretions obtained in stimulated compared with natural cycles. Conclusion(s): Endometrial secretion analysis provides a novel means of investigating the effect of ovarian stimulation on the intrauterine milieu. The in vivo milieu encountered by the embryo after transfer is significantly altered by ovarian stimulation.
AB - Objective: To elucidate the impact of ovarian stimulation on the intrauterine milieu represented by the cytokine, chemokine, and growth factor profile in endometrial secretions aspirated before embryo transfer. Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: Fertility center in tertiary referral university hospital. Patient(s): Forty-two patients undergoing ovarian stimulation with GnRH analogues were recruited. They participated in both a natural and an ovarian-stimulated cycle for within patient comparisons. Intervention(s): Endometrial secretion aspiration was performed immediately before embryo transfer. Main Outcome Measure(s): The concentrations of 17 mediators known to be involved in human embryo implantation were assessed by multiplex immunoassay. Result(s): After correction for multiple testing, significantly higher concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-5, IL-10, IL-12, IL-17, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, heparin-binding epidermal growth factor (HbEGF), eotaxin, and dickkopf homologue-1 were present in endometrial secretions obtained in stimulated compared with natural cycles. Conclusion(s): Endometrial secretion analysis provides a novel means of investigating the effect of ovarian stimulation on the intrauterine milieu. The in vivo milieu encountered by the embryo after transfer is significantly altered by ovarian stimulation.
KW - Ovarian stimulation
KW - cytokine
KW - endometrium
KW - in vitro fertilization
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/77957190384
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/77957190384#tab=citedBy
U2 - 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.10.044
DO - 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.10.044
M3 - Article
C2 - 20004388
AN - SCOPUS:77957190384
SN - 0015-0282
VL - 94
SP - 1764
EP - 1768
JO - Fertility and sterility
JF - Fertility and sterility
IS - 5
ER -