TY - JOUR
T1 - Primary mediastinal germ cell tumors
AU - Sohn, Aaron
AU - Moran, Cesar A.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022
PY - 2023/1
Y1 - 2023/1
N2 - Mediastinal germ cell tumors share similar histopathological, immunohistochemical, and molecular features with their counterparts in the gonads. Therefore, proper clinical and radiological evaluation of patients with an anterior mediastinal mass becomes essential in the final interpretation of these tumors. The gold standard for the diagnosis of these tumors remains histopathological evaluation. However, immunohistochemical stains and molecular studies also provide an aid in cases in which the histology is not typical. It is also important to keep in mind that a small mediastinoscopic biopsy may not be representative of the entire neoplasm. In this review, we will provide our perspective regarding histopathological diagnosis, staging, immunohistochemical and molecular profile, and briefly family of tumors address pertinent epidemiological, clinical and treatment options. However, the main emphasis is to review the process of pathological assessment in pre and post-treated tumors. Knowledge of the different growth patterns and histological associations is important, mainly when confronted with mediastinoscopic biopsies, which ultimately will determine treatment options.
AB - Mediastinal germ cell tumors share similar histopathological, immunohistochemical, and molecular features with their counterparts in the gonads. Therefore, proper clinical and radiological evaluation of patients with an anterior mediastinal mass becomes essential in the final interpretation of these tumors. The gold standard for the diagnosis of these tumors remains histopathological evaluation. However, immunohistochemical stains and molecular studies also provide an aid in cases in which the histology is not typical. It is also important to keep in mind that a small mediastinoscopic biopsy may not be representative of the entire neoplasm. In this review, we will provide our perspective regarding histopathological diagnosis, staging, immunohistochemical and molecular profile, and briefly family of tumors address pertinent epidemiological, clinical and treatment options. However, the main emphasis is to review the process of pathological assessment in pre and post-treated tumors. Knowledge of the different growth patterns and histological associations is important, mainly when confronted with mediastinoscopic biopsies, which ultimately will determine treatment options.
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U2 - 10.1053/j.semdp.2022.06.010
DO - 10.1053/j.semdp.2022.06.010
M3 - Review article
C2 - 35717316
AN - SCOPUS:85132770945
SN - 0740-2570
VL - 40
SP - 37
EP - 46
JO - Seminars in Diagnostic Pathology
JF - Seminars in Diagnostic Pathology
IS - 1
ER -