TY - JOUR
T1 - Recurrence mechanisms of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer — a clinical perspective
AU - Teoh, Jeremy Yuen Chun
AU - Kamat, Ashish M.
AU - Black, Peter C.
AU - Grivas, Petros
AU - Shariat, Shahrokh F.
AU - Babjuk, Marek
N1 - Funding Information:
J.Y.-C.T. holds investigator grants from Baxter, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Janssen, Ferring, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Storz and Olympus, is an advisory board member for Astellas, Ferring and Janssen, is a consultant for Astellas, Ferring, Janssen and MRI PRO and received an honorarium from Astellas, Boston Scientific, Combat Medical, Ferring, Janssen, Olympus and Sanofi. A.M.K. holds investigator grants from FKD Industries, Merck, Photocure, BMS, SWOG, NIH, AIBCCR, Heat Biologics, Adolor, Alere, Pacific Edge, Telesta, Celgene, TetraLogic and FAMRI and is an advisory board member for Merck, BMS, Eisai, Arquer, MDx Health, Photocure, AstraZeneca, Abbott Molecular, US Biotest, Ferring, BioClin, FKD Industries, Genentech, Allergan, Incyte, Telesta, Aurasence, Taris, Oncogenex, Sanofi, Pfizer, Theralase, Cepheid, Medac, Asieris, Synergo, Combat and Imagin. P.C.B. holds investigator grants from iProgen, GSK and GenomeDx Biosciences, is an advisory board member for Astellas, AbbVie, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Biosyent, BMS, Ferring, Janssen, MDxHealth, Merck, Roche, Sanofi and UroGen and is a consultant for Bayer, Janssen, Roche and Sanofi. P.G. holds investigator grants from Bavarian Nordic, Bristol Myers Squibb, Clovis Oncology, Debiopharm, EMD Serono, GlaxoSmithKline, Immunomedics/Gilead, Merck, Mirati Therapeutics, Pfizer, QED Therapeutics and G1 Therapeutics, and is a consultant for AstraZeneca, Astellas Pharma, Bayer, Bristol Myers Squibb, Clovis Oncology, Dyania Health, EMD Serono, Exelixis, Foundation Medicine, Genentech/Roche, Genzyme, GlaxoSmithKline, Guardant Health, Immunomedics/Gilead, Infinity Pharmaceuticals, Janssen, Merck, Mirati Therapeutics, Pfizer, QED Therapeutics, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Seattle Genetics, 4D Pharma PLC and UroGen. S.F.S., is a consultant for Olympus and Janssen and received an honorarium from Astellas, AstraZeneca, Bayer, BMS, Cepheid, Ferring, Ipsen, Janssen, Lilly and UroGen Pharma. M.B. is a consultant for Astellas and Ipsen and received an honorarium from Ipsen, Janssen, Olympus and Astellas.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022, Springer Nature Limited.
PY - 2022/5
Y1 - 2022/5
N2 - Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is an early-stage cancer without invasion into the detrusor muscle layer. Transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT) is a diagnostic and potentially curative procedure for NMIBC, but has some limitations, including difficulties in ascertaining complete tumour removal upon piecemeal resection and the possibility of tumour re-implantation after the procedure. The oncological control of NMIBC is far from satisfactory, with a 1-year recurrence rate of 15–61%, and a 5-year recurrence rate of 31–78%. Various recurrence mechanisms have been described for NMIBC, such as undetected tumours upon cystoscopy, incomplete resection during TURBT, tumour re-implantation after TURBT, drop metastasis from upper tract urothelial carcinoma and field change cancerization. Understanding the recurrence mechanisms from a clinical perspective has strong implications for the optimization of NMIBC oncological outcomes, as a cure for patients with NMIBC can only be achieved by tackling all possible recurrence mechanisms in a comprehensive manner.
AB - Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is an early-stage cancer without invasion into the detrusor muscle layer. Transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT) is a diagnostic and potentially curative procedure for NMIBC, but has some limitations, including difficulties in ascertaining complete tumour removal upon piecemeal resection and the possibility of tumour re-implantation after the procedure. The oncological control of NMIBC is far from satisfactory, with a 1-year recurrence rate of 15–61%, and a 5-year recurrence rate of 31–78%. Various recurrence mechanisms have been described for NMIBC, such as undetected tumours upon cystoscopy, incomplete resection during TURBT, tumour re-implantation after TURBT, drop metastasis from upper tract urothelial carcinoma and field change cancerization. Understanding the recurrence mechanisms from a clinical perspective has strong implications for the optimization of NMIBC oncological outcomes, as a cure for patients with NMIBC can only be achieved by tackling all possible recurrence mechanisms in a comprehensive manner.
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U2 - 10.1038/s41585-022-00578-1
DO - 10.1038/s41585-022-00578-1
M3 - Review article
C2 - 35361927
AN - SCOPUS:85127593534
SN - 1759-4812
VL - 19
SP - 280
EP - 294
JO - Nature Reviews Urology
JF - Nature Reviews Urology
IS - 5
ER -