Salient body image concerns of patients with cancer undergoing head and neck reconstruction

Background Patients with cancer undergoing head and neck reconstruction can experience significant distress from alterations in appearance and bodily functioning. We sought to delineate salient dimensions of body image concerns in this patient population preparing for reconstructive surgery. Methods Participants completed self-report questionnaires evaluating numerous aspects of body image. We used Bayesian factor analysis modeling methods to identify latent factors emerging from the data. Results We identified 2 latent factors: appearance distress and functional difficulties. The highest level of preoperative body image concerns were related to distress about appearance changes and its perceived social consequences. Appearance distress items displayed greater variability compared with functional difficulties. Conclusion Appearance and functional changes to body image are important areas of concern for patients with head and neck cancer as they prepare for reconstructive surgery. Knowledge regarding specific body image issues can be used to guide psychosocial assessments and intervention to enhance patient care.