Significance of peripheral eosinophilia for diagnosis of IgG4-related disease in subjects with elevated serum IgG4 levels: Significance of peripheral eosinophilia in diagnosing IgG4-RD

Sonmoon Mohapatra, Paris Charilaou, Ayush Sharma, Dhruv Pratap Singh, Raghuwansh P. Sah, David Murray, Shounak Majumder, Mark D. Topazian, Suresh T. Chari

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

10 Scopus citations

Abstract

Objectives: In this study, we aim to assess the diagnostic utility of elevated serum IgG4 (sIgG4) concentration alone and in combination with peripheral eosinophilia (PE) for IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD). Methods: From the Mayo Clinic, Rochester electronic medical record database we identified 409 patients with above normal levels of sIgG4 (reference range 121–140 mg/dL) who had sIgG4 measured to differentiate IgG4-RD from another disease. Results: Among 409 patients with any elevation in sIgG4 levels, 129 (31.5%) had a definite diagnosis of IgG4-RD. The prevalence of PE increased with increasing sIgG4 levels and was more likely to be seen in subjects with IgG4-RD vs. non-IgG4-RD at ≥1X (n = 35/120, 29.2% vs. n = 23/258, 8.9%; p < 0.001), ≥2X (n = 23/64, 35.9% vs. n = 5/54,9.3%; p = 0.001) and ≥3X (n = 18/42, 42.9% vs. n = 0/9, 0%; p = 0.015) of sIgG4 upper limit of normal (ULN), respectively. After adjusting for gender and age, sIgG4 levels ≥ 2X ULN with PE as a predictor, had a higher positive predictive value in predicting IgG4-RD (72.2% vs. 65.9%) with an Area Under the Receiver Operatic Characteristic Curve (AUC) of 0.776, compared to sIgG4 ≥ 2X ULN without PE predictor (AUC = 0.74), p = 0.016. PE, sIgG4≥2X ULN, male gender, and age independently predicted the disease with odds ratio of 4.89 (95% CI:2.51–9.54), 3.78 (95% CI:2.27–6.28), 2.78 (95% CI:1.55–4.97), and 1.03 (95% CI:1.02–1.05), respectively. Conclusion: Even in subjects in whom IgG4-RD is suspected, only a minority (∼30%) with elevated sIgG4 levels have IgG4-RD. sIgG4 by itself is more specific at higher levels, though never diagnostic. PE increases with increasing sIgG4 and adds diagnostic value at higher sIgG4 levels.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)74-78
Number of pages5
JournalPancreatology
Volume20
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - Jan 2020

Keywords

  • Autoimmune pancreatitis
  • IgG4-related disease
  • IgG4-related pancreatobiliary disease
  • Peripheral eosinophilia
  • Serum IgG4 level

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
  • Hepatology
  • Gastroenterology

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