Sleep duration and type 2 diabetes risk: A prospective study in a population-based Mexican American cohort

Ivan HC Wu, Natalia Heredia, Qiong Dong, Lorna H. McNeill, Diwakar D. Balachandran, Qian Lu, Shine Chang

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

6 Scopus citations

Abstract

Study Objectives: The primary aim of the study was to estimate the effect of sleep duration on prospective type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk across demographic characteristics and follow-up periods, and test body mass index (BMI) as a mediator and moderator. Methods: Data included adults (Mage = 39.0 ± 12.7 years) born in the United States or Mexico recruited from 2001 to 2012 in a Mexican American cohort study conducted in Houston, TX (n = 15,779). Participants completed self-reported questionnaires at baseline related to health, health behaviors (sleep duration, physical activity, smoking, drinking), and sociocultural factors and were followed up annually. Results: Cox proportional hazard models estimated hazard ratios (HR) for the effect of sleep duration on T2D diagnosis at follow-up. Of the participants, 10.3% were diagnosed with T2D. Self-reported ≤5 hours of sleep, compared to 7-8 hours, at baseline predicted greater risk for T2D (HR = 1.32, P = .001), yet was no longer significant after adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics and BMI. Notably, those with BMI <25 kg/m2 reporting ≤5 hours of sleep were at significant risk for T2D at 3 (HR = 4.13, P = .024) and 5-year follow-up (HR = 3.73, P = .008) compared to 7-8 hours. Obesity status accounted for 31.6% and 27.3% of the variance in the association between ≤5 and 6 hours of sleep and increased T2D risk, respectively. Conclusions: Results highlighted the mediating and moderating role of BMI, and its effect on T2D risk at earlier follow-up among those without obesity. T2D prevention and control for Mexican American adults should consider the role of chronic sleep loss.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)168-176
Number of pages9
JournalSleep Health
Volume7
Issue number2
DOIs
StatePublished - Apr 2021

Keywords

  • Health behaviors
  • Mexican Americans
  • Obesity
  • Sleep
  • Type 2 diabetes risk

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Health(social science)
  • Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology
  • Social Sciences (miscellaneous)
  • Behavioral Neuroscience

MD Anderson CCSG core facilities

  • Clinical Trials Office

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