Socioeconomic status, mindfulness, and momentary associations between stress and smoking lapse during a quit attempt

Christopher Cambron, Patricia Hopkins, Cassidy Burningham, Cho Lam, Paul Cinciripini, David W. Wetter

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

16 Scopus citations

Abstract

Background: Models of health disparities highlight stress among low socioeconomic status (SES) smokers as a barrier to cessation. Recent studies suggest that mindfulness may improve cessation outcomes by reducing stress during a quit attempt. The current study examined associations of SES and mindfulness with ecological momentary assessments (EMAs) of stress and smoking lapse during a quit attempt. Methods: EMAs (N = 32,329) were gathered from 364 smokers engaged in a quit attempt. A multilevel structural equation model estimated within person paths from momentary stress to subsequent smoking lapse. Between person paths estimated paths from a latent variable for SES and mindfulness to stress and smoking lapse, the indirect effect of SES and mindfulness on lapse through stress, and moderation of within person stress-lapse associations by SES and mindfulness. Results: Within person estimates found that momentary increases in stress predicted increased risk of subsequent smoking lapse. Between person estimates found that lower SES was indirectly associated with greater risk for smoking lapse through increased stress; and, higher mindfulness was indirectly associated with lower risk for smoking lapse through reduced stress. Additionally, higher SES participants, who reported lower stress during the quit attempt, showed a stronger relationship between momentary increases in stress and risk for subsequent smoking lapse. Conclusions: Among low SES smokers engaged in a quit attempt, both SES and mindfulness uniquely influenced smoking lapse through their influence on stress. Findings support reports that mindfulness presents a promising intervention target to reduce stress and improve cessation outcomes among low SES smokers.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Article number107840
JournalDrug and alcohol dependence
Volume209
DOIs
StatePublished - Apr 1 2020

Keywords

  • Ecological momentary assessment
  • Mindfulness
  • SES-related smoking disparities
  • Stress

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Toxicology
  • Pharmacology
  • Psychiatry and Mental health
  • Pharmacology (medical)

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