TY - JOUR
T1 - Structural gene sets active in embryos and adult tissues of the sea urchin
AU - Galau, Glenn A.
AU - Klein, William H.
AU - Davis, Mark M.
AU - Wold, Barbara J.
AU - Britten, Roy J.
AU - Davidson, Eric H.
N1 - Funding Information:
We acknowledge the extremely useful assistance we have received from Dr. Edward Lipson in improving our data reduction procedures. We are also grateful to Mr. William Pearson for his great help in building the programs we have used for data reduction. This research was supported by grants from the NIH and the NSF. G.A.G. and M.M.D. are predoctoral fellows on an NIH training grant, and B.J.W. is a predoctoral fellow on an NSF graduate fellowship grant. W.H.K. is supported by a Damon Runyon-Walter Winchell Cancer Fund Fellowship Grant.
PY - 1976/4
Y1 - 1976/4
N2 - Structural gene sequences active in a variety of sea urchin adult and embryo tissues are compared. A single-copy 3H-DNA fraction, termed mDNA, was isolated, which contains sequences complementary to the messenger RNA present on gastrula stage polysomes. Gastrula message sequences are 50 fold concentrated in the mDNA compared to total single-copy DNA. mDNA reactions were carried out with excess mRNA from blastula, pluteus, exogastrula, adult ovary, tubefoot, intestine, and coelomocytes, and with excess total mature oocyte RNA. A single-copy 3H-DNA fraction totally devoid of gastrula message sequences, termed null mDNA, was also reacted with these RNAs. Large differences in the extent of both mDNA and null mDNA reaction with the various RNAs were observed, indicating that in each state of differention a distinct set of structural genes is active, generally characterized by several thousand specific sequences. The complexity of gastrula mRNA was shown in previous work to be about 17 × 106 nucleotides. In units of 106 nucleotides, the complexities of the RNA sequence reacting with mDNA and with null mDNA in each tissue are, respectively, as follows: intestine mRNA; 2.1 and 3.7; coelomocyte mRNA: 3.5 and ≤1.4; tubefoot mRNA: 2.7 and ≤0.4; ovary mRNA: 13 and 6.7; oocyte total RNA: 17 and 20; blastula mRNA: 12 and 15; pluteus mRNA: 14 and ≤0.6; exogastrula mRNA: 14 and ≤0.6. The total complexity of each mRNA population is the sum of these values, as verified for several cases by reactions with total single-copy DNA. A relatively small set of mRNAs, the complexity of which is about 2.1 × 106 nucleotides, appears to be shared by several of the tissues studied.
AB - Structural gene sequences active in a variety of sea urchin adult and embryo tissues are compared. A single-copy 3H-DNA fraction, termed mDNA, was isolated, which contains sequences complementary to the messenger RNA present on gastrula stage polysomes. Gastrula message sequences are 50 fold concentrated in the mDNA compared to total single-copy DNA. mDNA reactions were carried out with excess mRNA from blastula, pluteus, exogastrula, adult ovary, tubefoot, intestine, and coelomocytes, and with excess total mature oocyte RNA. A single-copy 3H-DNA fraction totally devoid of gastrula message sequences, termed null mDNA, was also reacted with these RNAs. Large differences in the extent of both mDNA and null mDNA reaction with the various RNAs were observed, indicating that in each state of differention a distinct set of structural genes is active, generally characterized by several thousand specific sequences. The complexity of gastrula mRNA was shown in previous work to be about 17 × 106 nucleotides. In units of 106 nucleotides, the complexities of the RNA sequence reacting with mDNA and with null mDNA in each tissue are, respectively, as follows: intestine mRNA; 2.1 and 3.7; coelomocyte mRNA: 3.5 and ≤1.4; tubefoot mRNA: 2.7 and ≤0.4; ovary mRNA: 13 and 6.7; oocyte total RNA: 17 and 20; blastula mRNA: 12 and 15; pluteus mRNA: 14 and ≤0.6; exogastrula mRNA: 14 and ≤0.6. The total complexity of each mRNA population is the sum of these values, as verified for several cases by reactions with total single-copy DNA. A relatively small set of mRNAs, the complexity of which is about 2.1 × 106 nucleotides, appears to be shared by several of the tissues studied.
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U2 - 10.1016/0092-8674(76)90200-2
DO - 10.1016/0092-8674(76)90200-2
M3 - Article
C2 - 986248
AN - SCOPUS:0017087425
SN - 0092-8674
VL - 7
SP - 487
EP - 505
JO - Cell
JF - Cell
IS - 4
ER -