TY - JOUR
T1 - The role of the gastrointestinal microbiome in infectious complications during induction chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia
AU - Galloway-Peña, Jessica R.
AU - Smith, Daniel P.
AU - Sahasrabhojane, Pranoti
AU - Ajami, Nadim J.
AU - Wadsworth, W. Duncan
AU - Daver, Naval G.
AU - Chemaly, Roy F.
AU - Marsh, Lisa
AU - Ghantoji, Shashank S.
AU - Pemmaraju, Naveen
AU - Garcia-Manero, Guillermo
AU - Rezvani, Katayoun
AU - Alousi, Amin M.
AU - Wargo, Jennifer A.
AU - Shpall, Elizabeth J.
AU - Futreal, Phillip A.
AU - Guindani, Michele
AU - Petrosino, Joseph F.
AU - Kontoyiannis, Dimitrios P.
AU - Shelburne, Samuel A.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 American Cancer Society
PY - 2016/7/15
Y1 - 2016/7/15
N2 - BACKGROUND: Despite increasing data on the impact of the microbiome on cancer, the dynamics and role of the microbiome in infection during therapy for acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) are unknown. Therefore, the authors sought to determine correlations between microbiome composition and infectious outcomes in patients with AML who were receiving induction chemotherapy (IC). METHODS: Buccal and fecal specimens (478 samples) were collected twice weekly from 34 patients with AML who were undergoing IC. Oral and stool microbiomes were characterized by 16S ribosomal RNA V4 sequencing using an Illumina MiSeq system. Microbial diversity and genera composition were associated with clinical outcomes. RESULTS: Baseline stool α-diversity was significantly lower in patients who developed infections during IC compared with those who did not (P =.047). Significant decreases in both oral and stool microbial α-diversity were observed over the course of IC, with a linear correlation between α-diversity change at the 2 sites (P =.02). Loss of both oral and stool α-diversity was associated significantly with the receipt of a carbapenem P < 0.001. Domination events by the majority of genera were transient (median duration, 1 sample), whereas the number of domination events by pathogenic genera increased significantly over the course of IC (P =.002). Moreover, patients who lost microbial diversity over the course of IC were significantly more likely to contract a microbiologically documented infection within the 90 days after IC neutrophil recovery (P =.04). CONCLUSIONS: The current data present the largest longitudinal analyses to date of oral and stool microbiomes in patients with AML and suggest that microbiome measurements could assist with the mitigation of infectious complications of AML therapy. Cancer 2016;122:2186–96.
AB - BACKGROUND: Despite increasing data on the impact of the microbiome on cancer, the dynamics and role of the microbiome in infection during therapy for acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) are unknown. Therefore, the authors sought to determine correlations between microbiome composition and infectious outcomes in patients with AML who were receiving induction chemotherapy (IC). METHODS: Buccal and fecal specimens (478 samples) were collected twice weekly from 34 patients with AML who were undergoing IC. Oral and stool microbiomes were characterized by 16S ribosomal RNA V4 sequencing using an Illumina MiSeq system. Microbial diversity and genera composition were associated with clinical outcomes. RESULTS: Baseline stool α-diversity was significantly lower in patients who developed infections during IC compared with those who did not (P =.047). Significant decreases in both oral and stool microbial α-diversity were observed over the course of IC, with a linear correlation between α-diversity change at the 2 sites (P =.02). Loss of both oral and stool α-diversity was associated significantly with the receipt of a carbapenem P < 0.001. Domination events by the majority of genera were transient (median duration, 1 sample), whereas the number of domination events by pathogenic genera increased significantly over the course of IC (P =.002). Moreover, patients who lost microbial diversity over the course of IC were significantly more likely to contract a microbiologically documented infection within the 90 days after IC neutrophil recovery (P =.04). CONCLUSIONS: The current data present the largest longitudinal analyses to date of oral and stool microbiomes in patients with AML and suggest that microbiome measurements could assist with the mitigation of infectious complications of AML therapy. Cancer 2016;122:2186–96.
KW - acute myeloid leukemia
KW - gastrointestinal
KW - induction chemotherapy
KW - infectious complications
KW - microbiome
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84977566637&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84977566637&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/cncr.30039
DO - 10.1002/cncr.30039
M3 - Article
C2 - 27142181
AN - SCOPUS:84977566637
SN - 0008-543X
VL - 122
SP - 2186
EP - 2196
JO - Cancer
JF - Cancer
IS - 14
ER -