TY - JOUR
T1 - Time to Rethink Upfront Surgery for Resectable Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma? Implications from the Neoadjuvant Experience
AU - Mason, Meredith C.
AU - Massarweh, Nader N.
AU - Tzeng, Ching Wei D.
AU - Chiang, Yi Ju
AU - Chun, Yun Shin
AU - Aloia, Thomas A.
AU - Javle, Milind
AU - Vauthey, Jean Nicolas
AU - Tran Cao, Hop S.
N1 - Funding Information:
Coauthor Dr. Massarweh is supported in part by the Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans Health Administration, Office of Research and Development, and the Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness and Safety (CIN 13-413).
Funding Information:
The CoC?s NCDB and the hospitals participating in the CoC?s NCDB are the source of the deidentified data used herein; they have not verified and are not responsible for the statistical validity of the data analysis or the conclusions derived by the authors.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021, Society of Surgical Oncology.
PY - 2021/10
Y1 - 2021/10
N2 - Background: While surgery is a mainstay of curative-intent treatment for patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHC), the role of neoadjuvant therapy (NT) has not been well-established. We sought to describe trends in NT utilization, characterize associated factors, and evaluate association with overall survival (OS). Methods: Retrospective cohort study of 4456 surgically resected IHC patients within National Cancer Data Base (2006–2016). NT included chemotherapy alone and/or (chemo)radiation. Descriptive statistics used to describe the cohort. Multivariable hierarchical logistic regression models were used to examine factors associated with NT administration. Analyses conducted comparing OS among upfront surgery patients and NT patients using propensity matching using nearest-neighbor methodology and adjustment using inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW). Association between NT and risk of death evaluated using multivariable Cox shared frailty modeling. Results: Utilization of NT did not significantly increase over time (11%-2006 to 16%-2016, trend test p = 0.07) but did increase among patients with clinical nodal involvement (cN+, 13% to 36%, p = 0.002). Factors associated with NT use include cN+ disease (odds ratio [OR] 1.68, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.31–2.15) and advanced clinical T stage: T2 (OR 1.65, 95% CI 1.33–2.06); T3 (OR 1.51, 95% CI 1.13–2.02). After propensity matching, NT associated with a 23% decreased risk of death relative to upfront surgery (hazard ratio [HR] 0.77, 95% CI 0.61–0.97). Findings were similar after IPTW (HR 0.83, 95% CI 0.78–0.88). Conclusions: NT is increasingly used for the management of IHC patients with characteristics indicating aggressive tumor biology and is associated with decreased risk of death. These data suggest need for prospective studies of NT in management of patients with potentially resectable IHC.
AB - Background: While surgery is a mainstay of curative-intent treatment for patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHC), the role of neoadjuvant therapy (NT) has not been well-established. We sought to describe trends in NT utilization, characterize associated factors, and evaluate association with overall survival (OS). Methods: Retrospective cohort study of 4456 surgically resected IHC patients within National Cancer Data Base (2006–2016). NT included chemotherapy alone and/or (chemo)radiation. Descriptive statistics used to describe the cohort. Multivariable hierarchical logistic regression models were used to examine factors associated with NT administration. Analyses conducted comparing OS among upfront surgery patients and NT patients using propensity matching using nearest-neighbor methodology and adjustment using inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW). Association between NT and risk of death evaluated using multivariable Cox shared frailty modeling. Results: Utilization of NT did not significantly increase over time (11%-2006 to 16%-2016, trend test p = 0.07) but did increase among patients with clinical nodal involvement (cN+, 13% to 36%, p = 0.002). Factors associated with NT use include cN+ disease (odds ratio [OR] 1.68, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.31–2.15) and advanced clinical T stage: T2 (OR 1.65, 95% CI 1.33–2.06); T3 (OR 1.51, 95% CI 1.13–2.02). After propensity matching, NT associated with a 23% decreased risk of death relative to upfront surgery (hazard ratio [HR] 0.77, 95% CI 0.61–0.97). Findings were similar after IPTW (HR 0.83, 95% CI 0.78–0.88). Conclusions: NT is increasingly used for the management of IHC patients with characteristics indicating aggressive tumor biology and is associated with decreased risk of death. These data suggest need for prospective studies of NT in management of patients with potentially resectable IHC.
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U2 - 10.1245/s10434-020-09536-w
DO - 10.1245/s10434-020-09536-w
M3 - Article
C2 - 33586068
AN - SCOPUS:85099447087
SN - 1068-9265
VL - 28
SP - 6725
EP - 6735
JO - Annals of surgical oncology
JF - Annals of surgical oncology
IS - 11
ER -