TY - JOUR
T1 - A century of deciphering the control mechanisms of sex steroid action in breast and prostate cancer
T2 - The origins of targeted therapy and chemoprevention
AU - Jordan, V. Craig
PY - 2009/2/15
Y1 - 2009/2/15
N2 - The origins of the story to decipher the mechanisms that control the growth of sex hormone-dependent cancers started more than 100 years ago. Clinical observations of the apparently random responsiveness of breast cancer to endocrine ablation (hormonal withdrawal) provoked scientific inquiries in the laboratory that resulted in the development of effective strategies for targeting therapy to the estrogen receptor (ER; or androgen receptor in the case of prostate cancer), the development of antihormonal treatments that dramatically enhanced patient survival, and the first successful testing of agents to reduce the risk of developing any cancer. Most importantly, elucidating the receptor-mediated mechanisms of sex steroid-dependent growth and the clinical success of antihormones has had broad implication in medicinal chemistry with the synthesis of new selective hormone receptor modulators for numerous clinical applications. Indeed, the successful translational research on the ER was the catalyst for the current strategy for developing targeted therapies to the tumor and the start of "individualized medicine.'' During the past 50 years, ideas about the value of antihormones translated effectively from the laboratory to improve clinical care, improve national survival rates, and significantly reduced the burden of cancer.
AB - The origins of the story to decipher the mechanisms that control the growth of sex hormone-dependent cancers started more than 100 years ago. Clinical observations of the apparently random responsiveness of breast cancer to endocrine ablation (hormonal withdrawal) provoked scientific inquiries in the laboratory that resulted in the development of effective strategies for targeting therapy to the estrogen receptor (ER; or androgen receptor in the case of prostate cancer), the development of antihormonal treatments that dramatically enhanced patient survival, and the first successful testing of agents to reduce the risk of developing any cancer. Most importantly, elucidating the receptor-mediated mechanisms of sex steroid-dependent growth and the clinical success of antihormones has had broad implication in medicinal chemistry with the synthesis of new selective hormone receptor modulators for numerous clinical applications. Indeed, the successful translational research on the ER was the catalyst for the current strategy for developing targeted therapies to the tumor and the start of "individualized medicine.'' During the past 50 years, ideas about the value of antihormones translated effectively from the laboratory to improve clinical care, improve national survival rates, and significantly reduced the burden of cancer.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=60549103920&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=60549103920&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-09-0029
DO - 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-09-0029
M3 - Review article
C2 - 19208829
AN - SCOPUS:60549103920
SN - 0008-5472
VL - 69
SP - 1243
EP - 1254
JO - Cancer Research
JF - Cancer Research
IS - 4
ER -