A comparison of 2D and 3D evaluation methods for pulmonary embolism detection in CT images

Atilla P. Kiraly; Carol L. Novak; David P. Naidich; Ioannis Vlahos; Jane P. Ko; Geraldine T. Brusca-Augello

doi:10.1117/12.652430

A comparison of 2D and 3D evaluation methods for pulmonary embolism detection in CT images

Atilla P. Kiraly, Carol L. Novak, David P. Naidich, Ioannis Vlahos, Jane P. Ko, Geraldine T. Brusca-Augello

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution

6 Scopus citations

Abstract

Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a life-threatening disease, requiring rapid diagnosis and treatment. Contrast enhanced computed tomographic (CT) images of the lungs allow physicians to confirm or rule out PE, but the large number of images per study and the complexity of lung anatomy may cause some emboli to be overlooked. We evaluated a novel three-dimensional (3D) visualization technique for detecting PE, and compared it with traditional 2D axial interpretation. Three readers independently marked 10 cases using the 3D method, and a separate interpretation was performed at a later date using only source axial images. An experienced thoracic radiologist adjudicated all marks, classifying clots according to location and confidence. There were a total of 8 positive examinations with 69 validated emboli. 44 (64%) of the clots were segmental while 12 (17%) proved subsegmental. Using the traditional 2D method for examination, readers detected a mean of 45 PE for 66% sensitivity. Using the 3D method, readers detected a mean of 35 PE (50% sensitivity). Combining both methods, readers detected a mean of 51 PE (74% sensitivity), significantly higher than either single method (p<0.001). Considered by arterial level, significant improvement was observed for detection of segmental and subsegmental clots (p<0.001) when comparing combined reading with either single method. The mean number of false positives per patient was 0.23 for both 2D and 3D readings and 0.4 for combined reading. 3D visualization of pulmonary arteries allowed readers to detect a significant number of additional emboli not detected during 2D axial interpretations and thus may lead to a more accurate diagnosis of PE.

Original language	English (US)
Title of host publication	Medical Imaging 2006
Subtitle of host publication	Image Perception, Observer Performance, and Technology Assessment
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1117/12.652430
State	Published - 2006
Externally published	Yes
Event	Medical Imaging 2006: Image Perception, Observer Performance, and Technology Assessment - San Diego, CA, United States Duration: Feb 14 2006 → Feb 16 2006

Publication series

Name	Progress in Biomedical Optics and Imaging - Proceedings of SPIE
Volume	6146
ISSN (Print)	1605-7422

Conference

Conference	Medical Imaging 2006: Image Perception, Observer Performance, and Technology Assessment
Country/Territory	United States
City	San Diego, CA
Period	2/14/06 → 2/16/06

Keywords

Computed tomography
Detection
Perfusion
Pulmonary embolism
Visualization

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Biomaterials
Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging

Access to Document

10.1117/12.652430

Cite this

Kiraly, A. P., Novak, C. L., Naidich, D. P., Vlahos, I., Ko, J. P., & Brusca-Augello, G. T. (2006). A comparison of 2D and 3D evaluation methods for pulmonary embolism detection in CT images. In Medical Imaging 2006: Image Perception, Observer Performance, and Technology Assessment Article 61460H (Progress in Biomedical Optics and Imaging - Proceedings of SPIE; Vol. 6146). https://doi.org/10.1117/12.652430

A comparison of 2D and 3D evaluation methods for pulmonary embolism detection in CT images. / Kiraly, Atilla P.; Novak, Carol L.; Naidich, David P. et al.
Medical Imaging 2006: Image Perception, Observer Performance, and Technology Assessment. 2006. 61460H (Progress in Biomedical Optics and Imaging - Proceedings of SPIE; Vol. 6146).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution

Kiraly, AP, Novak, CL, Naidich, DP, Vlahos, I, Ko, JP & Brusca-Augello, GT 2006, A comparison of 2D and 3D evaluation methods for pulmonary embolism detection in CT images. in Medical Imaging 2006: Image Perception, Observer Performance, and Technology Assessment., 61460H, Progress in Biomedical Optics and Imaging - Proceedings of SPIE, vol. 6146, Medical Imaging 2006: Image Perception, Observer Performance, and Technology Assessment, San Diego, CA, United States, 2/14/06. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.652430

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title = "A comparison of 2D and 3D evaluation methods for pulmonary embolism detection in CT images",

abstract = "Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a life-threatening disease, requiring rapid diagnosis and treatment. Contrast enhanced computed tomographic (CT) images of the lungs allow physicians to confirm or rule out PE, but the large number of images per study and the complexity of lung anatomy may cause some emboli to be overlooked. We evaluated a novel three-dimensional (3D) visualization technique for detecting PE, and compared it with traditional 2D axial interpretation. Three readers independently marked 10 cases using the 3D method, and a separate interpretation was performed at a later date using only source axial images. An experienced thoracic radiologist adjudicated all marks, classifying clots according to location and confidence. There were a total of 8 positive examinations with 69 validated emboli. 44 (64%) of the clots were segmental while 12 (17%) proved subsegmental. Using the traditional 2D method for examination, readers detected a mean of 45 PE for 66% sensitivity. Using the 3D method, readers detected a mean of 35 PE (50% sensitivity). Combining both methods, readers detected a mean of 51 PE (74% sensitivity), significantly higher than either single method (p<0.001). Considered by arterial level, significant improvement was observed for detection of segmental and subsegmental clots (p<0.001) when comparing combined reading with either single method. The mean number of false positives per patient was 0.23 for both 2D and 3D readings and 0.4 for combined reading. 3D visualization of pulmonary arteries allowed readers to detect a significant number of additional emboli not detected during 2D axial interpretations and thus may lead to a more accurate diagnosis of PE.",

keywords = "Computed tomography, Detection, Perfusion, Pulmonary embolism, Visualization",

author = "Kiraly, {Atilla P.} and Novak, {Carol L.} and Naidich, {David P.} and Ioannis Vlahos and Ko, {Jane P.} and Brusca-Augello, {Geraldine T.}",

note = "Copyright: Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.; Medical Imaging 2006: Image Perception, Observer Performance, and Technology Assessment ; Conference date: 14-02-2006 Through 16-02-2006",

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doi = "10.1117/12.652430",

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AU - Ko, Jane P.

AU - Brusca-Augello, Geraldine T.

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N2 - Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a life-threatening disease, requiring rapid diagnosis and treatment. Contrast enhanced computed tomographic (CT) images of the lungs allow physicians to confirm or rule out PE, but the large number of images per study and the complexity of lung anatomy may cause some emboli to be overlooked. We evaluated a novel three-dimensional (3D) visualization technique for detecting PE, and compared it with traditional 2D axial interpretation. Three readers independently marked 10 cases using the 3D method, and a separate interpretation was performed at a later date using only source axial images. An experienced thoracic radiologist adjudicated all marks, classifying clots according to location and confidence. There were a total of 8 positive examinations with 69 validated emboli. 44 (64%) of the clots were segmental while 12 (17%) proved subsegmental. Using the traditional 2D method for examination, readers detected a mean of 45 PE for 66% sensitivity. Using the 3D method, readers detected a mean of 35 PE (50% sensitivity). Combining both methods, readers detected a mean of 51 PE (74% sensitivity), significantly higher than either single method (p<0.001). Considered by arterial level, significant improvement was observed for detection of segmental and subsegmental clots (p<0.001) when comparing combined reading with either single method. The mean number of false positives per patient was 0.23 for both 2D and 3D readings and 0.4 for combined reading. 3D visualization of pulmonary arteries allowed readers to detect a significant number of additional emboli not detected during 2D axial interpretations and thus may lead to a more accurate diagnosis of PE.

AB - Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a life-threatening disease, requiring rapid diagnosis and treatment. Contrast enhanced computed tomographic (CT) images of the lungs allow physicians to confirm or rule out PE, but the large number of images per study and the complexity of lung anatomy may cause some emboli to be overlooked. We evaluated a novel three-dimensional (3D) visualization technique for detecting PE, and compared it with traditional 2D axial interpretation. Three readers independently marked 10 cases using the 3D method, and a separate interpretation was performed at a later date using only source axial images. An experienced thoracic radiologist adjudicated all marks, classifying clots according to location and confidence. There were a total of 8 positive examinations with 69 validated emboli. 44 (64%) of the clots were segmental while 12 (17%) proved subsegmental. Using the traditional 2D method for examination, readers detected a mean of 45 PE for 66% sensitivity. Using the 3D method, readers detected a mean of 35 PE (50% sensitivity). Combining both methods, readers detected a mean of 51 PE (74% sensitivity), significantly higher than either single method (p<0.001). Considered by arterial level, significant improvement was observed for detection of segmental and subsegmental clots (p<0.001) when comparing combined reading with either single method. The mean number of false positives per patient was 0.23 for both 2D and 3D readings and 0.4 for combined reading. 3D visualization of pulmonary arteries allowed readers to detect a significant number of additional emboli not detected during 2D axial interpretations and thus may lead to a more accurate diagnosis of PE.

KW - Computed tomography

KW - Detection

KW - Perfusion

KW - Pulmonary embolism

KW - Visualization

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A comparison of 2D and 3D evaluation methods for pulmonary embolism detection in CT images

Abstract

Publication series

Conference

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Access to Document

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