TY - JOUR
T1 - A phycoerythrin isolated from Rhodomonas salina induces apoptosis via ERK/Bak and JNK/Caspase-3 pathway in A549 cells
AU - Zhao, Xiaotong
AU - Jiao, Lijuan
AU - Liu, Danting
AU - Yang, Tan
AU - Zhang, Yanqing
AU - Zhou, Aimin
AU - Wen, Zhiyou
AU - Zhang, Kunsheng
AU - Xie, Junbo
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31101235 ; No. 31000749 ), the Integration of 123 Industries to Develop Science and Technology Demonstration Project (Grant No. 17ZXYENC00190 ), and “131” First Level Innovative Talents Training Project in Tianjin .
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023
PY - 2023/4/30
Y1 - 2023/4/30
N2 - Rhodomonas salina, Cryptophyta, Rhodomonas genus, is a valuable source for live feed in aquaculture and for the production of phycoerythrin (PE). In this study, PE was extracted from Rhodomonas salina and characterized as having a molecular weight of approximately 24 kDa, an absorbance at 545 nm, and a purity of up to 6.61 (which meets reagent grade requirements with an OD545/OD280 ratio >4). The effects of PE on anticancer activity and its underlying mechanisms were evaluated to assess the immunomodulatory potential on the human lung cancer A549 cell line. Biochemical assays and western blot analysis were applied to confirm the immune mechanisms. The results showed that after 24 h of exposure to PE, the proliferation of A549 cells was significantly and dose-dependently decreased. PE also caused the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). The further results showed that PE can remarkably enhance the protein levels of cleaved caspase-3 and p53. Simultaneously, the BCL-2 family was also affected and had some changes, such as the dramatically enhance of Bim and Bak and the decrease of Bcl-2 level. However, it is interesting to note that there was no apparent alteration in Bax expression during the experiment. Furthermore, the biological mechanism for the potential of PE to induce apoptosis showed that the ERK/Bak and the JNK/caspase-3 signaling pathway were activated. This study provides evidence that the anticancer activity of PE in Rhodomonas salina may have potential for preventing cancer and serving as a novel immunostimulant in the pharmaceutical industry.
AB - Rhodomonas salina, Cryptophyta, Rhodomonas genus, is a valuable source for live feed in aquaculture and for the production of phycoerythrin (PE). In this study, PE was extracted from Rhodomonas salina and characterized as having a molecular weight of approximately 24 kDa, an absorbance at 545 nm, and a purity of up to 6.61 (which meets reagent grade requirements with an OD545/OD280 ratio >4). The effects of PE on anticancer activity and its underlying mechanisms were evaluated to assess the immunomodulatory potential on the human lung cancer A549 cell line. Biochemical assays and western blot analysis were applied to confirm the immune mechanisms. The results showed that after 24 h of exposure to PE, the proliferation of A549 cells was significantly and dose-dependently decreased. PE also caused the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). The further results showed that PE can remarkably enhance the protein levels of cleaved caspase-3 and p53. Simultaneously, the BCL-2 family was also affected and had some changes, such as the dramatically enhance of Bim and Bak and the decrease of Bcl-2 level. However, it is interesting to note that there was no apparent alteration in Bax expression during the experiment. Furthermore, the biological mechanism for the potential of PE to induce apoptosis showed that the ERK/Bak and the JNK/caspase-3 signaling pathway were activated. This study provides evidence that the anticancer activity of PE in Rhodomonas salina may have potential for preventing cancer and serving as a novel immunostimulant in the pharmaceutical industry.
KW - Bcl-2 family
KW - ERK/Bak pathway
KW - JNK/Caspase-3 pathway
KW - Phycoerythrin
KW - Rhodomonas salina
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U2 - 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123838
DO - 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123838
M3 - Article
C2 - 36842747
AN - SCOPUS:85149796769
SN - 0141-8130
VL - 235
JO - International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
JF - International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
M1 - 123838
ER -