Adjuvant therapy: The effects on microvascular lower extremity reconstruction

Adjuvant therapy and microsurgery have allowed advances in surgical extirpation of lower extremity neoplasms. This retrospective study was designed to evaluate the microvascular transfer for lower extremity reconstruction in patients receiving pre- or post-operative irradiation and chemotherapy alone and in combination. Over a 5-year period, 24 free tissue transfers were performed in 22 patients undergoing surgical resection with adjuvant therapy for lower extremity neoplasms. There were 13 male and 9 female patients with an average age of 51 years. The latissimus dorsi muscle was most commonly transferred (N = 15). Eighteen tumors received pre- and three received postoperative radiotherapy. Two tumors received a combination of radiotherapy and brachytherapy. Pro- and/or postoperative chemotherapy was used in 14 patients. Twelve of these patients had both chemo- and radiation therapy. A total of six complications occurred, with no flap loss. Complications were evenly distributed among adjuvant regimens. All patients who underwent attempted limb salvage were able to ambulate postoperatively, except for 1 patient who had local recurrence. In conclusion, adjuvant therapy did not increase the complication rate for free tissue transfer in the lower extremity. Adjuvant therapy did not require alterations in the free tissue transfer and, similarly, free tissue transfer did not alter adjuvant therapy. We believe that free tissue transfer in complicated wounds allows for better wound healing with adjuvant therapy rather than local or primary wound closure alone.