TY - JOUR
T1 - An overview of chromatin-regulating proteins in cells
AU - Zhang, Pingyu
AU - Torres, Keila
AU - Liu, Xiuping
AU - Liu, Chang Gong
AU - Pollock, Raphael E.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 Bentham Science Publishers.
PY - 2016/8/1
Y1 - 2016/8/1
N2 - In eukaryotic cells, gene expressions on chromosome DNA are orchestrated by a dynamic chromosome structure state that is largely controlled by chromatin-regulating proteins, which regulate chromatin structures, release DNA from the nucleosome, and activate or suppress gene expression by modifying nucleosome histones or mobilizing DNA-histone structure. The two classes of chromatinregulating proteins are 1) enzymes that modify histones through methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, adenosine diphosphate–ribosylation, glycosylation, sumoylation, or ubiquitylation and 2) enzymes that remodel DNA-histone structure with energy from ATP hydrolysis. Chromatin-regulating proteins, which modulate DNA-histone interaction, change chromatin conformation, and increase or decrease the binding of functional DNA-regulating protein complexes, have major functions in nuclear processes, including gene transcription and DNA replication, repair, and recombination. This review provides a general overview of chromatin-regulating proteins, including their classification, molecular functions, and interactions with the nucleosome in eukaryotic cells.
AB - In eukaryotic cells, gene expressions on chromosome DNA are orchestrated by a dynamic chromosome structure state that is largely controlled by chromatin-regulating proteins, which regulate chromatin structures, release DNA from the nucleosome, and activate or suppress gene expression by modifying nucleosome histones or mobilizing DNA-histone structure. The two classes of chromatinregulating proteins are 1) enzymes that modify histones through methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, adenosine diphosphate–ribosylation, glycosylation, sumoylation, or ubiquitylation and 2) enzymes that remodel DNA-histone structure with energy from ATP hydrolysis. Chromatin-regulating proteins, which modulate DNA-histone interaction, change chromatin conformation, and increase or decrease the binding of functional DNA-regulating protein complexes, have major functions in nuclear processes, including gene transcription and DNA replication, repair, and recombination. This review provides a general overview of chromatin-regulating proteins, including their classification, molecular functions, and interactions with the nucleosome in eukaryotic cells.
KW - Chromatin-regulating protein
KW - Chromosome
KW - DNA recombination
KW - DNA repair
KW - DNA replication
KW - Gene transcription
KW - Histone
KW - Histone modification
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U2 - 10.2174/1389203717666160122120310
DO - 10.2174/1389203717666160122120310
M3 - Review article
C2 - 26796306
AN - SCOPUS:84973661451
SN - 1389-2037
VL - 17
SP - 401
EP - 410
JO - Current Protein and Peptide Science
JF - Current Protein and Peptide Science
IS - 5
ER -