TY - JOUR
T1 - Associations between mindfulness and implicit cognition and self-reported affect
AU - Waters, Andrew J.
AU - Reitzel, Lorraine R.
AU - Cinciripini, Paul
AU - Li, Yisheng
AU - Marcus, Marianne T.
AU - Vidrine, Jennifer Irvin
AU - Wetter, David W.
N1 - Funding Information:
Andrew J. Waters is affiliated with the Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. Lorraine R. Reitzel, Jennifer Irvin Vidrine, and David W. Wetter are affiliated with the Department of Health Disparities Research, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA. Paul Cinciripini is affiliated with the Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA. Yisheng Li is affiliated with the Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA. Marianne T. Marcus is affiliated with the Center for Substance Abuse Prevention, Education and Research, School of Nursing, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA. Address correspondence to: Andrew J. Waters, PhD, Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA (E-mail: andrew.waters@usuhs.mil). This research and preparation of this article were supported by grants from the National Institute on Drug Abuse R01 DA018875 (D.W.W.), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention K01 DP00008 (J.I.V.) and K01 DP001120 (L.R.R.).
PY - 2009/10
Y1 - 2009/10
N2 - Theory suggests that mindful individuals exhibit enhanced attentional processing (e.g., attentional control) and that they maintain a detached perspective to problematic stimuli. For smokers, smoking and affective stimuli are problematic stimuli when they try to quit. In this cross-sectional study, smokers (n = 158) completed 3 modified Stroop tasks (to assess attentional control), 3 Implicit Association Tests (IATs; to assess detached perspective), and a battery of self-report assessments. Degree of mindfulness was negatively associated (P .05) with self-reported negative affect, perceived stress, and depressive symptom severity, and positively associated (P .05) with positive affect. Degree of mindfulness was not associated with the ability to disengage attention from smoking or affective stimuli. On the depression IAT, more mindful participants exhibited a more negative IAT effect, suggesting that they may have developed a detached perspective to depression-related stimuli. Theoretical and clinical implications of the data are discussed.
AB - Theory suggests that mindful individuals exhibit enhanced attentional processing (e.g., attentional control) and that they maintain a detached perspective to problematic stimuli. For smokers, smoking and affective stimuli are problematic stimuli when they try to quit. In this cross-sectional study, smokers (n = 158) completed 3 modified Stroop tasks (to assess attentional control), 3 Implicit Association Tests (IATs; to assess detached perspective), and a battery of self-report assessments. Degree of mindfulness was negatively associated (P .05) with self-reported negative affect, perceived stress, and depressive symptom severity, and positively associated (P .05) with positive affect. Degree of mindfulness was not associated with the ability to disengage attention from smoking or affective stimuli. On the depression IAT, more mindful participants exhibited a more negative IAT effect, suggesting that they may have developed a detached perspective to depression-related stimuli. Theoretical and clinical implications of the data are discussed.
KW - Implicit Association Test
KW - Implicit cognition
KW - Mindfulness
KW - Stroop
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U2 - 10.1080/08897070903252080
DO - 10.1080/08897070903252080
M3 - Article
C2 - 19904668
AN - SCOPUS:71049159977
SN - 0889-7077
VL - 30
SP - 328
EP - 337
JO - Substance Abuse
JF - Substance Abuse
IS - 4
ER -