Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma: From Past to Future—A Comprehensive Review of Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Advances

Faryal Munir, Viney Hardit, Irtiza N. Sheikh, Shaikha AlQahtani, Jiasen He, Branko Cuglievan, Chitra Hosing, Priti Tewari, Sajad Khazal

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

1 Scopus citations

Abstract

Hodgkin lymphoma, a hematological malignancy of lymphoid origin that typically arises from germinal-center B cells, has an excellent overall prognosis. However, the treatment of patients who relapse or develop resistant disease still poses a substantial clinical and research challenge, even though current risk-adapted and response-based treatment techniques produce overall survival rates of over 95%. The appearance of late malignancies after the successful cure of primary or relapsed disease continues to be a major concern, mostly because of high survival rates. Particularly in pediatric HL patients, the chance of developing secondary leukemia is manifold compared to that in the general pediatric population, and the prognosis for patients with secondary leukemia is much worse than that for patients with other hematological malignancies. Therefore, it is crucial to develop clinically useful biomarkers to stratify patients according to their risk of late malignancies and determine which require intense treatment regimens to maintain the ideal balance between maximizing survival rates and avoiding late consequences. In this article, we review HL’s epidemiology, risk factors, staging, molecular and genetic biomarkers, and treatments for children and adults, as well as treatment-related adverse events and the late development of secondary malignancies in patients with the disease.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Article number10095
JournalInternational journal of molecular sciences
Volume24
Issue number12
DOIs
StatePublished - Jun 2023

Keywords

  • Hodgkin lymphoma
  • brentuximab
  • checkpoint inhibitors
  • chimeric antigen T cells
  • new drugs
  • targeted therapy

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Catalysis
  • Molecular Biology
  • Spectroscopy
  • Computer Science Applications
  • Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
  • Organic Chemistry
  • Inorganic Chemistry

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