TY - JOUR
T1 - Clinical advances in oncolytic virotherapy for pediatric brain tumors
AU - Ghajar-Rahimi, Gelare
AU - Kang, Kyung Don
AU - Totsch, Stacie K.
AU - Gary, Sam
AU - Rocco, Abbey
AU - Blitz, Sarah
AU - Kachurak, Kara
AU - Chambers, M. R.
AU - Li, Rong
AU - Beierle, Elizabeth A.
AU - Bag, Asim
AU - Johnston, James M.
AU - Markert, James M.
AU - Bernstock, Joshua D.
AU - Friedman, Gregory K.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022
PY - 2022/11
Y1 - 2022/11
N2 - Malignant brain tumors constitute nearly one-third of cancer diagnoses in children and have recently surpassed hematologic malignancies as the most lethal neoplasm in the pediatric population. Outcomes for children with brain tumors are unacceptably poor and current standards of care—surgical resection, chemotherapy, and radiation—are associated with significant long-term morbidity. Oncolytic virotherapy has emerged as a promising immunotherapy for the treatment of brain tumors. While the majority of brain tumor clinical trials utilizing oncolytic virotherapy have been in adults, five viruses are being tested in pediatric brain tumor clinical trials: herpes simplex virus (G207), reovirus (pelareorep/Reolysin), measles virus (MV-NIS), poliovirus (PVSRIPO), and adenovirus (DNX-2401, AloCELYVIR). Herein, we review past and current pediatric immunovirotherapy brain tumor trials including the relevant preclinical and clinical research that contributed to their development. We describe mechanisms by which the viruses may overcome barriers in treating pediatric brain tumors, examine challenges associated with achieving effective, durable responses, highlight unique aspects and successes of the trials, and discuss future directions of immunovirotherapy research for the treatment of pediatric brain tumors.
AB - Malignant brain tumors constitute nearly one-third of cancer diagnoses in children and have recently surpassed hematologic malignancies as the most lethal neoplasm in the pediatric population. Outcomes for children with brain tumors are unacceptably poor and current standards of care—surgical resection, chemotherapy, and radiation—are associated with significant long-term morbidity. Oncolytic virotherapy has emerged as a promising immunotherapy for the treatment of brain tumors. While the majority of brain tumor clinical trials utilizing oncolytic virotherapy have been in adults, five viruses are being tested in pediatric brain tumor clinical trials: herpes simplex virus (G207), reovirus (pelareorep/Reolysin), measles virus (MV-NIS), poliovirus (PVSRIPO), and adenovirus (DNX-2401, AloCELYVIR). Herein, we review past and current pediatric immunovirotherapy brain tumor trials including the relevant preclinical and clinical research that contributed to their development. We describe mechanisms by which the viruses may overcome barriers in treating pediatric brain tumors, examine challenges associated with achieving effective, durable responses, highlight unique aspects and successes of the trials, and discuss future directions of immunovirotherapy research for the treatment of pediatric brain tumors.
KW - Brain tumors
KW - Glioma
KW - Immunotherapy
KW - Oncolytic
KW - Pediatric
KW - Virotherapy
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85129359835&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85129359835&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108193
DO - 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108193
M3 - Review article
C2 - 35487285
AN - SCOPUS:85129359835
SN - 0163-7258
VL - 239
JO - Pharmacology and Therapeutics
JF - Pharmacology and Therapeutics
M1 - 108193
ER -