Clinical outcomes of immunotherapy continued beyond radiographic disease progression in older adult patients with advanced non‑small cell lung cancer

Immunotherapy is an effective and generally well‑tolerated treatment strategy for older adult patients (aged ≥70 years) with advanced non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Unfortunately, most patients who receive immunotherapy eventu‑ ally exhibit disease progression during treatment. The present study reports on a subset of older adult patients with advanced NSCLC who could effectively continue immunotherapy beyond radiographic disease progression due to perceived clinical benefit. Local consolidative radiotherapy may be used in select older adult patients to prolong the duration of immunotherapy they receive, with a particular consideration of their preexisting co‑morbidities, performance status and tolerance of potential toxicities associated with combined modality therapy. However, prospective research is needed to determine which patients benefit most from the addition of local consolidative radiotherapy, including whether type of disease progression (i.e., sites of progression, pattern of progression) and/or extent of consolidation offered (i.e., complete or incomplete) impact clinical outcomes. Further research is also warranted to determine which patients would most benefit from the continuation of immunotherapy beyond documented radiographic disease progression.