@article{8295a378348244388dbb4acca49f5a42,
title = "Combined IL-21-primed polyclonal CTL plus CTLA4 blockade controls refractory metastatic melanoma in a patient",
abstract = "Adoptive transfer of peripheral blood-derived, melanoma-reactive CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) alone is generally insufficient to eliminate bulky tumors. Similarly, monotherapy with anti-CTLA4 infrequently yields sustained remissions in patients with metastatic melanoma. We postulated that a bolus of enhanced IL-21-primed polyclonal antigen-specific CTL combined with CTLA4 blockade might boost antitumor efficacy. In this first-in-human case study, the combination successfully led to a durable complete remission (CR) in a patient whose disease was refractory to both monoclonal CTL and anti-CTLA4. Long-term persistence and sustained anti-tumor activity of transferred CTL, as well as responses to nontargeted antigens, confirmed mutually beneficial effects of the combined treatment. In this first-in-human study, Chapuis et al. demonstrate that the combination of adoptive cellular therapy with CTLA4 blockade induces long-term remission in a melanoma patient resistant to both modalities administered serially and individually.",
author = "Chapuis, {Aude G.} and Lee, {Sylvia M.} and Thompson, {John A.} and Roberts, {Ilana M.} and Margolin, {Kim A.} and Shailender Bhatia and Sloan, {Heather L.} and Ivy Lai and Felecia Wagener and Kendall Shibuya and Jianhong Cao and Wolchok, {Jedd D.} and Greenberg, {Philip D.} and Cassian Yee",
note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by the Cancer Research Institute and by a Stand Up To Cancer Cancer Research Institute Cancer Immunology Dream Team Translational Research grant (SU2C-AACR-DT1012). Stand Up To Cancer is a program of the Entertainment Industry Foundation administered by the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR). AGC was supported by National Institutes of Health Career Development in Pediatric and Medical Oncology Award K12 and an AACR-American Society of Clinical Oncology Cancer Foundation Young Investigator Translational Cancer Research award. C. Yee was supported by a Burroughs Wellcome Fund Translational Scientist Award and is co-leader of the Stand Up To Cancer-AACR/CRI Immunology Dream Team. This work was also supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea NRF-2007-00107 and NRF-2013M3A9D3045719. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2016 Chapuis et al.",
year = "2016",
month = jun,
day = "27",
doi = "10.1084/jem.20152021",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "213",
pages = "1133--1139",
journal = "Journal of Experimental Medicine",
issn = "0022-1007",
publisher = "Rockefeller University Press",
number = "7",
}