Comparison of outcomes in patients with early-stage mucinous endometrial cancer and those with endometrioid endometrial cancer, with and without adjuvant therapy

OBJECTIVE: To compare risk factors, treatment, and outcomes in patients with stage I/II mucinous endometrial cancer (MEC) relative to those of patients with endometrioid endometrial cancer (EEC). STUDY DESIGN: We conducted a case-control study of patients with MEC and EEC. Patients with stage IA, IB, or II MEC treated at the 2 institutions between 01/01/ 1996 and 01/01/2007 were identified. Each MEC case was matched with 2 EEC controls by age, stage, grade, and year of diagnosis. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to generate overall survival (OS) data. Factors predictive of outcome were compared using the log-rank test and Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS: A total of 34 patients with MEC were compared to 68 controls with EEC. All patients were treated by hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. Use of adjuvant radiation therapy was similar between cases and controls. The 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) rates were not significantly different in patients with MEC when compared to those with EEC (89% vs. 92%, respectively, p=0.2). The 5-year OS rates for patients with MEC and the control group were 95% and 96%, respectively (p=0.1). CONCLUSION: Patients with early-stage MEC and EEC have similar DFS and overall survival.