Complications After Metastasectomy for Renal Cell Carcinoma—A Population-based Assessment [Figure presented]

Metastasectomy has long been considered a valid treatment option for patients with oligometastatic renal cell carcinoma (oligo-mRCC). However, the literature on complications in this setting is scarce. Our objective was to describe in-hospital complications after metastasectomy in a contemporary cohort of patients with mRCC. Using the National Inpatient Sample database (2000–2011), 45 279 mRCC patients were identified. Of those, 1102 underwent metastasectomies. The metastatic sites were the lungs, bone, liver, lymph nodes, adrenal glands, and brain in, respectively, 52%, 29%, 19%, 14%, 11%, and 3.4% of patients. The overall complication rate was 45.7%. Major complications (Clavien III–V) constituted 27.5%. Resections of hepatic lesions were significantly associated with higher odds of overall complications compared with any other site (odds ratio 2.59, 95% confidence interval 1.84–3.62, p < 0.001). While metastasectomy remains a potential treatment option in RCC with oligometastatic disease, the associated complication rates are non-negligible; therefore, careful patient selection is warranted. Patient summary We studied outcomes of patients with metastatic kidney cancer treated with metastasectomy. While metastasectomy is a treatment option for metastatic renal cell carcinoma, complications are not insignificant and our results may guide preoperative counseling.