TY - JOUR
T1 - Coping, life attitudes, and immune responses to imagery and group support after breast cancer treatment
AU - Richardson, Mary Ann
AU - Post-White, Janice
AU - Grimm, Elizabeth A.
AU - Moye, Lemuel A.
AU - Singletary, S. Eva
AU - Justice, Blair
PY - 1997/9
Y1 - 1997/9
N2 - Background ·The pilot study used clinical trial methodology to differentiate the effects of imagery and support on coping, life attitudes, immune function, quality of life, and emotional well-being after breast cancer. Methods ·Women (N=47) who completed treatment for primary breast cancer, excluding stage IV, were randomly assigned to standard care (n=15) or six weekly support (n=16) or imagery (n=16) sessions. Self-report measures included Ways of Coping-Cancer, Life Attitude Profile, Quality of Life (FACT-B), Profile of Mood States, and Functional Support. Immune measures included natural killer cell activity, plasma neopterin, interferon-γ, interleukins 1α, 1β, and 2, and beta-endorphin levels. Differences between groups over time were tested using general linear models, adjusted for pretest score and covariates (age, stage, and months posttreatment). Results · For all women, interferon-γ increased, neopterin decreased, quality of life improved, and natural killer activity remained unchanged. Compared with standard care, both interventions improved coping skills (seeking support) and perceived social support, and tended to enhance meaning in life. Support boosted overall coping and death acceptance. When comparing imagery with support, imagery participants tended to have less stress, increased vigor, and improved functional and social quality of life. Conclusion · Although imagery reduced stress and improved quality of life, both imagery and support improved coping, attitudes, and perception of support. The clinical implications of these changes warrant farther testing.
AB - Background ·The pilot study used clinical trial methodology to differentiate the effects of imagery and support on coping, life attitudes, immune function, quality of life, and emotional well-being after breast cancer. Methods ·Women (N=47) who completed treatment for primary breast cancer, excluding stage IV, were randomly assigned to standard care (n=15) or six weekly support (n=16) or imagery (n=16) sessions. Self-report measures included Ways of Coping-Cancer, Life Attitude Profile, Quality of Life (FACT-B), Profile of Mood States, and Functional Support. Immune measures included natural killer cell activity, plasma neopterin, interferon-γ, interleukins 1α, 1β, and 2, and beta-endorphin levels. Differences between groups over time were tested using general linear models, adjusted for pretest score and covariates (age, stage, and months posttreatment). Results · For all women, interferon-γ increased, neopterin decreased, quality of life improved, and natural killer activity remained unchanged. Compared with standard care, both interventions improved coping skills (seeking support) and perceived social support, and tended to enhance meaning in life. Support boosted overall coping and death acceptance. When comparing imagery with support, imagery participants tended to have less stress, increased vigor, and improved functional and social quality of life. Conclusion · Although imagery reduced stress and improved quality of life, both imagery and support improved coping, attitudes, and perception of support. The clinical implications of these changes warrant farther testing.
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M3 - Article
C2 - 9287446
AN - SCOPUS:0031225223
SN - 1078-6791
VL - 3
SP - 62
EP - 70
JO - Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine
JF - Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine
IS - 5
ER -