@article{478aecce24e84e7eb0686af854bea20c,
title = "CTL-mediated immunotherapy can suppress SHIV rebound in ART-free macaques",
abstract = "A major barrier to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) cure is the existence of viral reservoirs that lead to viral rebound following discontinuation of antiretroviral therapy (ART). We postulate that enhancing cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) targeting conserved envelope (Env) regions can eliminate HIV infected cells in latency. Here, we evaluate the use of adoptively transferred HIV vaccine-induced subtype C Env-specific CTLs in a macaque subtype B simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) model to determine whether plasma viremia can be controlled after ART interruption. We demonstrate that adoptive cellular therapy (ACT) using autologous Env-specific T cells augmented by therapeutic vaccination can suppress ART-free viral rebound in the SHIV model. Furthermore, phenotypic and functional characterization of adoptively transferred cells in ACT-responsive and nonresponsive animals support a critical role for cross-reactive central memory T cells in viremia control. Our study offers an approach to potentiate immunological suppression of HIV in the absence of antiviral drugs.",
author = "Jin Fan and Hua Liang and Xiaolin Ji and Shuo Wang and Jing Xue and Dan Li and Hong Peng and Chuan Qin and Cassian Yee and Yiming Shao",
note = "Funding Information: We are deeply grateful to the staff of Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Science (ILAS, CAMS) for their handling of the animals; to the vaccine study team of State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention for providing the immunogen; to Dan H. Barouch (Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA) for providing the SHIV-SF162P3 virus stock; to Xuan He (Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA) for providing the methods of viral inhibition assay; to Cecilia Cheng Mayer (Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, Rockefeller University, New York, USA) for helping editing the manuscript; to Anders S{\"o}nnerborg (Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden) for providing the constructive suggestions; to Fengmin Lu (School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China) for his encouragement and support. This work was supported by the China National Major Projects for Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention (2014ZX10001001-002, 2018ZX10731101), and SKLID Development grants (2012SKLID103 and 2015SKLID506). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019, The Author(s).",
year = "2019",
month = dec,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1038/s41467-019-09725-6",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "10",
journal = "Nature communications",
issn = "2041-1723",
publisher = "Nature Publishing Group",
number = "1",
}