TY - JOUR
T1 - Differentiation therapy of acute promyelocytic leukemia with tretinoin (all-trans-retinoic acid)
AU - Warrell, Raymond P.
AU - Frankel, Stanley R.
AU - Miller, Wilson H.
AU - Scheinberg, David A.
AU - Itri, Loretta M.
AU - Hittelman, Walter N.
AU - Vyas, Rohini
AU - Andreeff, Michael
AU - Tafuri, Agostino
AU - Jakubowski, Ann
AU - Gabrilove, Janice
AU - Gordon, Michael S.
AU - Dmitrovsky, Ethan
PY - 1991/5/16
Y1 - 1991/5/16
N2 - Background and Methods Patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia have a characteristic (15;17) translocation, with a breakpoint on chromosome 17 in the region of the retinoic acid receptor—alpha (RAR-α). Since this receptor has been shown to be involved with growth and differentiation of myeloid cells in vitro, and since recent clinical studies have reported that tretinoin (all-trans-retinoic acid) induces complete remission in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia, we studied the effects of tretinoin on cellular maturation and molecular abnormalities in patients undergoing the induction of remission with this agent. Methods. Eleven patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia were treated with tretinoin administered orally at a dose of 45 mg per square meter of body-surface area per day. Nine of the 11 patients entered complete remission. In two patients, complete remission was preceded by striking leukocytosis that then resolved despite continued drug treatment. Serial studies of cellular morphologic features, cell-surface immunophenotypic analysis, and fluorescence in situ hybridization with a chromosome 17 probe revealed that clinical response was associated with maturation of the leukemic clone. All patients who responded to treatment who were tested by Northern blot analysis had expression of aberrant RAR-α. As patients entered complete remission, the expression of the abnormal RAR-α message decreased markedly; however, it was still detectable in several patients after complete morphologic and cytogenetic remission had been achieved. Conclusion. Tretinoin is a safe and highly effective agent for inducing complete remission in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia. Clinical response to this agent is associated with leukemic-cell differentiation and is linked to the expression of an aberrant RAR-α nuclear receptor. Molecular detection of the aberrant receptor may serve as a useful marker for residual leukemia in patients with this disease. (N Engl J Med 1991; 324:1385–93).
AB - Background and Methods Patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia have a characteristic (15;17) translocation, with a breakpoint on chromosome 17 in the region of the retinoic acid receptor—alpha (RAR-α). Since this receptor has been shown to be involved with growth and differentiation of myeloid cells in vitro, and since recent clinical studies have reported that tretinoin (all-trans-retinoic acid) induces complete remission in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia, we studied the effects of tretinoin on cellular maturation and molecular abnormalities in patients undergoing the induction of remission with this agent. Methods. Eleven patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia were treated with tretinoin administered orally at a dose of 45 mg per square meter of body-surface area per day. Nine of the 11 patients entered complete remission. In two patients, complete remission was preceded by striking leukocytosis that then resolved despite continued drug treatment. Serial studies of cellular morphologic features, cell-surface immunophenotypic analysis, and fluorescence in situ hybridization with a chromosome 17 probe revealed that clinical response was associated with maturation of the leukemic clone. All patients who responded to treatment who were tested by Northern blot analysis had expression of aberrant RAR-α. As patients entered complete remission, the expression of the abnormal RAR-α message decreased markedly; however, it was still detectable in several patients after complete morphologic and cytogenetic remission had been achieved. Conclusion. Tretinoin is a safe and highly effective agent for inducing complete remission in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia. Clinical response to this agent is associated with leukemic-cell differentiation and is linked to the expression of an aberrant RAR-α nuclear receptor. Molecular detection of the aberrant receptor may serve as a useful marker for residual leukemia in patients with this disease. (N Engl J Med 1991; 324:1385–93).
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U2 - 10.1056/NEJM199105163242002
DO - 10.1056/NEJM199105163242002
M3 - Article
C2 - 1850498
AN - SCOPUS:0025882306
SN - 0028-4793
VL - 324
SP - 1385
EP - 1393
JO - New England Journal of Medicine
JF - New England Journal of Medicine
IS - 20
ER -