TY - JOUR
T1 - Extracellular vesicles in lung cancer
T2 - Prospects for diagnostic and therapeutic applications
AU - Kato, Taketo
AU - Vykoukal, Jody V.
AU - Fahrmann, Johannes F.
AU - Hanash, Samir
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by grants from the NCI 5U01CA213285, the Cancer Prevention Research Institute of Texas and the MD Anderson Moonshot Program.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2021/9
Y1 - 2021/9
N2 - Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nano-sized lipid-bound particles containing proteins, nucleic acids and metabolites released by cells. They have been identified in body fluids including blood, saliva, sputum and pleural effusions. In tumors, EVs derived from cancer and immune cells mediate intercellular communication and exchange, and can affect immunomodulatory functions. In the context of lung cancer, emerging evidence implicates EV involvement during various stages of tumor development and progression, including angiogenesis, epithelial to mesenchymal transformation, immune system suppression, metastasis and drug resistance. Additionally, tumor-derived EVs (TDEs) have potential as a liquid biopsy source and as a means of therapeutic targeting, and there is considerable interest in developing clinical applications for EVs in these contexts. In this review, we consider the biogenesis, components, biological functions and isolation methods of EVs, and the implications for their clinical utility for diagnostic and therapeutic applications in lung cancer.
AB - Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nano-sized lipid-bound particles containing proteins, nucleic acids and metabolites released by cells. They have been identified in body fluids including blood, saliva, sputum and pleural effusions. In tumors, EVs derived from cancer and immune cells mediate intercellular communication and exchange, and can affect immunomodulatory functions. In the context of lung cancer, emerging evidence implicates EV involvement during various stages of tumor development and progression, including angiogenesis, epithelial to mesenchymal transformation, immune system suppression, metastasis and drug resistance. Additionally, tumor-derived EVs (TDEs) have potential as a liquid biopsy source and as a means of therapeutic targeting, and there is considerable interest in developing clinical applications for EVs in these contexts. In this review, we consider the biogenesis, components, biological functions and isolation methods of EVs, and the implications for their clinical utility for diagnostic and therapeutic applications in lung cancer.
KW - Cancer biomarker
KW - Drug delivery
KW - Extracellular vesicles
KW - Immune therapy
KW - Liquid biopsy
KW - Tumor-associated antigens
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U2 - 10.3390/cancers13184604
DO - 10.3390/cancers13184604
M3 - Review article
C2 - 34572829
AN - SCOPUS:85114817267
SN - 2072-6694
VL - 13
JO - Cancers
JF - Cancers
IS - 18
M1 - 4604
ER -