TY - JOUR
T1 - Genetics and penile cancer
T2 - recent developments and implications
AU - Chahoud, Jad
AU - Pickering, Curtis R.
AU - Pettaway, Curtis A.
N1 - Funding Information:
J.C. is supported by an ASCO Conquer Cancer Foundation Young Investigator Award. C.A.P. and C.R.P. are supported in part by The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center's HPV-Related Cancers Moon Shot Program.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
PY - 2019/7/1
Y1 - 2019/7/1
N2 - Purpose of reviewWe summarize the recent developments in the molecular landscape of penile squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC).Recent findingsRecent genomic studies have demonstrated a molecular convergence of PSCC with other squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) from different organ sites. Similarly, human papillomavirus (HPV)-related PSCCs appear to have epigenetic and genomic similarities with other HPV-related cancers. This could have implications on future HPV-related cancer trial design. Growing efforts to characterize recurrent gene alterations in PSCC have expanded our understanding over the past years, showing a predominance of tumor suppressor gene alterations such as TP53 and NOTCH1. In addition, these studies have demonstrated that at least 30% of PSCC cases have targetable gene alterations. Further, the similar tumor mutational burden with other SCCs and the relatively high rates of programmed death-1 (PD-1) positive expression in PSCC constitute the rationale for investigation of PD-1 inhibition in ongoing clinical trials. Multiple studies have identified potential epigenetic and RNA signatures predictive of metastasis or survival, but these still require validation in larger cohorts.SummaryPSCC appears to be genomicaly similar to other SCCs and HPV-related cancers. This provides the rationale and opportunity to include a rare tumor like PSCC in future 'basket type' trials using novel agents targeting multiple SCCs that may exhibit similar biology.
AB - Purpose of reviewWe summarize the recent developments in the molecular landscape of penile squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC).Recent findingsRecent genomic studies have demonstrated a molecular convergence of PSCC with other squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) from different organ sites. Similarly, human papillomavirus (HPV)-related PSCCs appear to have epigenetic and genomic similarities with other HPV-related cancers. This could have implications on future HPV-related cancer trial design. Growing efforts to characterize recurrent gene alterations in PSCC have expanded our understanding over the past years, showing a predominance of tumor suppressor gene alterations such as TP53 and NOTCH1. In addition, these studies have demonstrated that at least 30% of PSCC cases have targetable gene alterations. Further, the similar tumor mutational burden with other SCCs and the relatively high rates of programmed death-1 (PD-1) positive expression in PSCC constitute the rationale for investigation of PD-1 inhibition in ongoing clinical trials. Multiple studies have identified potential epigenetic and RNA signatures predictive of metastasis or survival, but these still require validation in larger cohorts.SummaryPSCC appears to be genomicaly similar to other SCCs and HPV-related cancers. This provides the rationale and opportunity to include a rare tumor like PSCC in future 'basket type' trials using novel agents targeting multiple SCCs that may exhibit similar biology.
KW - genetic
KW - human papillomavirus
KW - molecular
KW - penile cancer
KW - penile squamous cell carcinoma
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U2 - 10.1097/MOU.0000000000000640
DO - 10.1097/MOU.0000000000000640
M3 - Article
C2 - 31045928
AN - SCOPUS:85067088491
SN - 0963-0643
VL - 29
SP - 364
EP - 370
JO - Current opinion in urology
JF - Current opinion in urology
IS - 4
ER -