Guided tissue fabrication from periosteum using preformed biodegradable polymer scaffolds

Robert C. Thomson, Antonios G. Mikos, Elizabeth Beahm, James C. Lemon, William C. Satterfield, Thomas B. Aufdemorte, Michael J. Miller

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

121 Scopus citations

Abstract

A successful tissue engineering method for bone replacement would imitate natural bone graft by providing the essential elements for new bone formation using synthetic scaffolds, osteogenic cell populations, and bone induction factors. This is a study of the suitability of various formulations of poly(DL-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) foams to provide a tissue conducting scaffold in an ovine model for bone flap fabrication. Three formulations were used of different copolymer ratio and molecular weight. Porous wafers of PLGA were stacked into rectangular chambers (volume 4cm3) enclosed on five sides. Some chambers also contained autologous morcellized bone graft (MBG). The chambers were inserted with the open face adjacent to the cambium layer of the periosteum in rib beds of seven sheep and harvested after 8 weeks in vivo. Gross and histologic examination of the resulting tissue specimens demonstrated molded units of vascularized tissue generally conforming to the shape of the chambers and firmly attached to the periosteum. Polymer degradation appeared to occur by varying degrees based on polymer formulation. New bone formation was observed only in areas containing MBG. There was no evidence of significant inflammatory reaction or local tissue damage at 8 weeks. We conclude that a PLGA foam scaffold is (1) an efficient conductor of new tissue growth but not osteoinductive, (2) contributes to the shape of molded tissue, and (3) biocompatible when used in this model. Further studies are warranted to develop practical methods to deliver bone induction factors to the system to promote osseous tissue generation throughout the synthetic scaffold. Copyright (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)2007-2018
Number of pages12
JournalBiomaterials
Volume20
Issue number21
DOIs
StatePublished - Nov 1999

Keywords

  • Biodegradable polymer scaffolds
  • Tissue fabrication

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Bioengineering
  • Ceramics and Composites
  • Biophysics
  • Biomaterials
  • Mechanics of Materials

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