Guidelines for blood transfusion in patients

Red blood cells (RBC) are transfused to improve oxygen-carrying capacity in patients in which the physiologic mechanisms of response and compensation are decreased and are unable to achieve adequate oxygenation of tissues. Platelets are transfused in most patients as a prophylactic measure to prevent intracranial bleed or when the patient is bleeding and is receiving antiplatelet medication or the platelets are dysfunctional. Plasma is transfused to correct deficiency of coagulation factors or for patients that are receiving anticoagulation medications. Guidelines for the use of blood component should be used as part of the whole management of the patient, and the clinical picture and symptoms of the patient need to be considered before ordering blood components.