Hyalohyphomycoses (hyaline moulds)

The hyalohyphomycoses, or hyaline moulds, are human -infections caused by soil-dwelling and plant saprophytic moulds [1]. Hyalohyphomycosis encompasses a loose artificial classification system since it does not refer to a specific taxonomic classification [2]. Agents of hyalohyphomycosis include non-melanin-producing, nondematiaceous moulds, which typically appear on histopathologic sections as colorless, hyaline, or light-colored septate hyphae [3]. These hyphae are either branched or unbranched, and occasionally they are toruloid [1, 3, 4]. Important human pathogens included in this group are Aspergillus, Penicillium, Fusarium, Scopulariopsis, Pseudallescheria, Scedosporium, Acremonium, Paecilomyces, and Trichoderma species (Table 1) [1, 3, 5-8].