TY - JOUR
T1 - IgG4-related sclerosing thyroiditis (Riedel-Struma)
T2 - a review of clinicopathological features and management
AU - Czarnywojtek, Agata
AU - Pietrończyk, Krzysztof
AU - Thompson, Lester D.R.
AU - Triantafyllou, Asterios
AU - Florek, Ewa
AU - Sawicka-Gutaj, Nadia
AU - Ruchała, Marek
AU - Płazinska, Maria Teresa
AU - Nixon, Iain J.
AU - Shaha, Ashok R.
AU - Zafereo, Mark
AU - Randolph, Gregory William
AU - Angelos, Peter
AU - Al Ghuzlan, Abir
AU - Agaimy, Abbas
AU - Ferlito, Alfio
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023, The Author(s).
PY - 2023/8
Y1 - 2023/8
N2 - We present a thorough review of the literature on Riedel thyroiditis (RT) with emphasis on aetiology, diagnosis and management, using the PubMed, Sinomed, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases. Although the exact aetiology of RT remains obscure, the histopathological features are consistent with a localized form of IgG4-related systemic disease (IgG4-RSD). Nevertheless, IgG4-RSD as a systemic fibroinflammatory disorder per se rarely affects the thyroid in the context of multiorgan manifestations. The initial diagnosis of RT is based on clinical history and imaging, but confirmation by histopathological examination is mandatory. In contrast to the historical surgical approach, glucocorticosteroid therapy is currently considered first line therapy, in line with the RT currently being viewed as a manifestation of, or analogous to, IgG4-RSD. For disease relapse, immunomodulatory agents (azathioprine, methotrexate, rituximab) can be used.
AB - We present a thorough review of the literature on Riedel thyroiditis (RT) with emphasis on aetiology, diagnosis and management, using the PubMed, Sinomed, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases. Although the exact aetiology of RT remains obscure, the histopathological features are consistent with a localized form of IgG4-related systemic disease (IgG4-RSD). Nevertheless, IgG4-RSD as a systemic fibroinflammatory disorder per se rarely affects the thyroid in the context of multiorgan manifestations. The initial diagnosis of RT is based on clinical history and imaging, but confirmation by histopathological examination is mandatory. In contrast to the historical surgical approach, glucocorticosteroid therapy is currently considered first line therapy, in line with the RT currently being viewed as a manifestation of, or analogous to, IgG4-RSD. For disease relapse, immunomodulatory agents (azathioprine, methotrexate, rituximab) can be used.
KW - Fibrosis
KW - Glucocorticoid
KW - Hyperthyroidism
KW - Hypothyroidism
KW - IgG- related systemic disease
KW - Immune system
KW - Mycophenolate mofetil
KW - Riedel thyroiditis
KW - Tamoxifen
KW - Thyroidectomy
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U2 - 10.1007/s00428-023-03561-2
DO - 10.1007/s00428-023-03561-2
M3 - Review article
C2 - 37204493
AN - SCOPUS:85159705568
SN - 0945-6317
VL - 483
SP - 133
EP - 144
JO - Virchows Archiv
JF - Virchows Archiv
IS - 2
ER -