TY - JOUR
T1 - In cross-sectional observations, dietary quality is not associated with CVD risk in women; In men the positive association is accounted for by BMI
AU - Frazier-Wood, Alexis C.
AU - Kim, Jihye
AU - Davis, Jennifer S.
AU - Jung, Su Yon
AU - Chang, Shine
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© The Authors 2015.
PY - 2015/4/28
Y1 - 2015/4/28
N2 - The role that BMI plays in the association between dietary quality and CVD risk is not known. We aimed to better understand this relationship using statistical methods which correct for sex-specific underreporting of dietary intake. Overall, dietary quality was assessed using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) on data from 9797 non-pregnant adults (aged >20 years) who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2005 to 2010. CVD risk factors included blood pressure, fasting glucose and insulin, homeostatic models of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), HDL- and LDL-cholesterol (HDL-C and LDL-C), TAG and C-reactive protein (CRP). We controlled for demographic and lifestyle covariates, and we used the population ratio approach (which adjusts for the underreporting of intake) to compare mean HEI scores between the top and bottom quartiles of covariate-adjusted CVD risk factors. In women, the total HEI score was not associated with any CVD risk factors (all Q>0·11). In men, the total HEI score was associated with covariate-adjusted residuals for fasting insulin (Q<' 0·001), HOMA-IR (Q<' 0·001), HDL-C (Q=' 0·01), TAG (Q=' 0·03) and CRP (Q<' 0·001). When we additionally adjusted for BMI, the association with total HEI score was not significant (all P>0·10). In the present analyses, dietary quality was associated with five CVD risk factors in a sex-specific manner. Moreover, the association of BMI with CVD risk attenuated the relationship between CVD risk and diet, which suggests that BMI is an important factor in heart disease prevention.
AB - The role that BMI plays in the association between dietary quality and CVD risk is not known. We aimed to better understand this relationship using statistical methods which correct for sex-specific underreporting of dietary intake. Overall, dietary quality was assessed using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) on data from 9797 non-pregnant adults (aged >20 years) who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2005 to 2010. CVD risk factors included blood pressure, fasting glucose and insulin, homeostatic models of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), HDL- and LDL-cholesterol (HDL-C and LDL-C), TAG and C-reactive protein (CRP). We controlled for demographic and lifestyle covariates, and we used the population ratio approach (which adjusts for the underreporting of intake) to compare mean HEI scores between the top and bottom quartiles of covariate-adjusted CVD risk factors. In women, the total HEI score was not associated with any CVD risk factors (all Q>0·11). In men, the total HEI score was associated with covariate-adjusted residuals for fasting insulin (Q<' 0·001), HOMA-IR (Q<' 0·001), HDL-C (Q=' 0·01), TAG (Q=' 0·03) and CRP (Q<' 0·001). When we additionally adjusted for BMI, the association with total HEI score was not significant (all P>0·10). In the present analyses, dietary quality was associated with five CVD risk factors in a sex-specific manner. Moreover, the association of BMI with CVD risk attenuated the relationship between CVD risk and diet, which suggests that BMI is an important factor in heart disease prevention.
KW - BMI
KW - CVD risk factors
KW - Diet quality
KW - Healthy Eating Index
KW - The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
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U2 - 10.1017/S0007114515000185
DO - 10.1017/S0007114515000185
M3 - Article
C2 - 25812570
AN - SCOPUS:84929497912
SN - 0007-1145
VL - 113
SP - 1244
EP - 1253
JO - British Journal of Nutrition
JF - British Journal of Nutrition
IS - 8
ER -