Indications for hematopoietic transplantation for aml

Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (AHCT) is an effective treatment for AML. This approach has been extensively evaluated in patients with AML and is indicated for patients in first remission with intermediate- to high-risk features, those with primary refractory disease or early relapse. Patients have traditionally received transplants from a human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched sibling donor. Improvements in HLA typing allowing identification of complete allele level matches have improved the results of unrelated donor transplants and results are now comparable with matched siblings. Recently, there have been major advances using HLA-nonidentical donors including haploidentical, one antigen mismatched unrelated donors or cord blood units, and an acceptable donor can now be identified for nearly all patients in need of a hematopoietic transplant.