TY - JOUR
T1 - Influence of Behavioral Theory on Fruit and Vegetable Intervention Effectiveness Among Children
T2 - A Meta-Analysis
AU - Diep, Cassandra S.
AU - Chen, Tzu An
AU - Davies, Vanessa F.
AU - Baranowski, Janice C.
AU - Baranowski, Tom
N1 - Funding Information:
Cassandra Diep was supported by Primary Care Research Training Grant from National Research Service Award T32 HP10031 . Tzu-An Chen was supported by several sources of grant funding, none specifically related to this systematic review and meta-analysis. Vanessa Davies was supported by the CAPES–Brazilian Federal Agency for Support and Evaluation of Graduate Education . Janice and Tom Baranowski were supported in part by federal funds from the US Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service under Cooperative Agreement 58-6250-6001 with the Children's Nutrition Research Center , Department of Pediatrics , Baylor College of Medicine .
Publisher Copyright:
© 2014 Society for Nutrition Education and Behavior.
PY - 2014/11/1
Y1 - 2014/11/1
N2 - Objective: To test the hypotheses that interventions clearly based on theory, multiple theories, or a formal intervention planning process will be more effective in changing fruit and vegetable consumption among children than interventions with no behavioral theoretical foundation. Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Setting: Identification of articles in PubMed, PsycInfo, Medline, Cochrane Collaborative database, and existing literature reviews and meta-analyses. Participants: Children aged 2-18 years. Interventions: Change in fruit and/or vegetable consumption in dietary change interventions. Methods: Meta-analysis, meta-regression analysis, and summary reporting for articles. Conclusions and Implications: Predicating an intervention on behavioral theory had a small to moderate enhancement (. P < .001) of outcome effectiveness. Differences in mean Hedges' g effect sizes between theory and non-theory interventions were 0.232 for fruit, 0.043 for vegetables, and 0.333 for fruit and vegetables combined. There was mixed support, however, for enhanced dietary change with multiple theories or a formal planning process. After controlling for study quality, theory use was related only to vegetable consumption (. β = 0.373; P < .001). More research is needed on theory's influences on dietary behaviors to guide future interventions among children. More research is also needed to identify what may be effective practical- or experience-based procedures that complement theory, to incorporate into interventions.
AB - Objective: To test the hypotheses that interventions clearly based on theory, multiple theories, or a formal intervention planning process will be more effective in changing fruit and vegetable consumption among children than interventions with no behavioral theoretical foundation. Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Setting: Identification of articles in PubMed, PsycInfo, Medline, Cochrane Collaborative database, and existing literature reviews and meta-analyses. Participants: Children aged 2-18 years. Interventions: Change in fruit and/or vegetable consumption in dietary change interventions. Methods: Meta-analysis, meta-regression analysis, and summary reporting for articles. Conclusions and Implications: Predicating an intervention on behavioral theory had a small to moderate enhancement (. P < .001) of outcome effectiveness. Differences in mean Hedges' g effect sizes between theory and non-theory interventions were 0.232 for fruit, 0.043 for vegetables, and 0.333 for fruit and vegetables combined. There was mixed support, however, for enhanced dietary change with multiple theories or a formal planning process. After controlling for study quality, theory use was related only to vegetable consumption (. β = 0.373; P < .001). More research is needed on theory's influences on dietary behaviors to guide future interventions among children. More research is also needed to identify what may be effective practical- or experience-based procedures that complement theory, to incorporate into interventions.
KW - Children
KW - Dietary change
KW - Meta-analysis
KW - Theory
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jneb.2014.05.012
DO - 10.1016/j.jneb.2014.05.012
M3 - Article
C2 - 25457730
AN - SCOPUS:84925359564
SN - 1499-4046
VL - 46
SP - 506
EP - 546
JO - Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior
JF - Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior
IS - 6
ER -