TY - JOUR
T1 - Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in patients with solid tumours
T2 - risk factors and predictors of clinical outcomes
AU - Dandachi, Dima
AU - Wilson Dib, Rita
AU - Fernández-Cruz, Ana
AU - Jiang, Ying
AU - Chaftari, Anne Marie
AU - Hachem, Ray
AU - Raad, Issam
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was partially financed by a grant from Sociedad Española de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Médica.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018, © 2018 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
PY - 2018/11/17
Y1 - 2018/11/17
N2 - Background: The characteristics and management of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) in patients with hematologic malignancies are well known, but IPA in patients with solid tumours is not well described. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all Aspergillus-positive cultures at a tertiary cancer center during 2004–2017. We identified 101 patients with IPA and solid tumours. We analyzed the association between clinical features and treatment and 12-week mortality and response to antifungal therapy. Results: Fifty-one patients had lung cancer, 77 had underlying lung disease, 47 received chest radiation and 33 had chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Aspergillus fumigatus was the most common type isolated (71%); 68 patients (70%) were treated with voriconazole monotherapy. Independent risk factors for 12-week mortality included receiving steroids within 30 days of diagnosis (hazard ratio 2.2, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.1–4.6; p =.03) and chest radiotherapy (hazard ratio 2.6, 95% CI: 1.2–5.5; p =.01). In multivariate analysis, a positive fungal stain was associated with lower odds of a successful response (odds ratio 0.2; 95% CI: 0.05–0.75; p =.02), whereas voriconazole treatment was associated with higher odds (odds ratio 10.1; 95% CI: 2.1–48.5; p <.01). Conclusions: IPA should be considered in patients with solid tumours, particularly those with underlying lung disease.Key messages Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis should be considered in patients with solid tumours, particularly those with underlying lung disease, lung cancer and those who received chest radiotherapy. Most of the patients with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis and solid tumours presented with nonspecific symptoms and signs as well as nonspecific CT findings. Unlike patients with hematologic malignancies, fever and hemoptysis were not predominant symptoms and the classical halo sign and the air-crescent sign were not described. Independent risk factors for 12-week mortality included receiving steroids within 30 days of diagnosis and chest radiotherapy. In multivariate analysis, a positive fungal stain was associated with lower odds of a successful response to antifungal therapy, whereas voriconazole treatment was associated with higher odds.
AB - Background: The characteristics and management of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) in patients with hematologic malignancies are well known, but IPA in patients with solid tumours is not well described. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all Aspergillus-positive cultures at a tertiary cancer center during 2004–2017. We identified 101 patients with IPA and solid tumours. We analyzed the association between clinical features and treatment and 12-week mortality and response to antifungal therapy. Results: Fifty-one patients had lung cancer, 77 had underlying lung disease, 47 received chest radiation and 33 had chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Aspergillus fumigatus was the most common type isolated (71%); 68 patients (70%) were treated with voriconazole monotherapy. Independent risk factors for 12-week mortality included receiving steroids within 30 days of diagnosis (hazard ratio 2.2, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.1–4.6; p =.03) and chest radiotherapy (hazard ratio 2.6, 95% CI: 1.2–5.5; p =.01). In multivariate analysis, a positive fungal stain was associated with lower odds of a successful response (odds ratio 0.2; 95% CI: 0.05–0.75; p =.02), whereas voriconazole treatment was associated with higher odds (odds ratio 10.1; 95% CI: 2.1–48.5; p <.01). Conclusions: IPA should be considered in patients with solid tumours, particularly those with underlying lung disease.Key messages Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis should be considered in patients with solid tumours, particularly those with underlying lung disease, lung cancer and those who received chest radiotherapy. Most of the patients with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis and solid tumours presented with nonspecific symptoms and signs as well as nonspecific CT findings. Unlike patients with hematologic malignancies, fever and hemoptysis were not predominant symptoms and the classical halo sign and the air-crescent sign were not described. Independent risk factors for 12-week mortality included receiving steroids within 30 days of diagnosis and chest radiotherapy. In multivariate analysis, a positive fungal stain was associated with lower odds of a successful response to antifungal therapy, whereas voriconazole treatment was associated with higher odds.
KW - Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis
KW - clinical outcomes
KW - solid tumours
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85061252063&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85061252063&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1080/07853890.2018.1518581
DO - 10.1080/07853890.2018.1518581
M3 - Article
C2 - 30230385
AN - SCOPUS:85061252063
SN - 0785-3890
VL - 50
SP - 713
EP - 720
JO - Annals of Medicine
JF - Annals of Medicine
IS - 8
ER -