Locoregional therapy: Cancer interventions with and without radionuclides

Interventional oncology has joined surgical, radiation, and medical oncology as a pillar of cancer care. Minimally invasive treatment options have expanded with improvements in image guidance and novel low-profile devices that allow for targeted cancer therapy without the morbidity of open surgery or the diffuse toxicity of systemic chemotherapy and radiation therapy. This chapter reviews the most common interventional oncology treatments for locoregional tumor control. Therapies covered include the endovascular techniques of chemotherapy infusion, chemoembolization, and radioembolization for hepatic tumors, as well as the percutaneous techniques of thermal ablation for hepatic, renal, pulmonary, and musculoskeletal tumors.