TY - JOUR
T1 - Monitoring and Modulating Diet and Gut Microbes to Enhance Response and Reduce Toxicity to Cancer Treatment
AU - Knisely, Anne
AU - Seo, Yongwoo David
AU - Wargo, Jennifer A.
AU - Chelvanambi, Manoj
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 by the authors.
PY - 2023/2
Y1 - 2023/2
N2 - The gut microbiome comprises a diverse array of microbial species that have been shown to dynamically modulate host immunity both locally and systemically, as well as contribute to tumorigenesis. In this review, we discuss the scientific evidence on the role that gut microbes and diet play in response and toxicity to cancer treatment. We highlight studies across multiple cancer cohorts that have shown an association between particular gut microbiome signatures and an improved response to immune checkpoint blockade, chemotherapy, and adoptive cell therapies, as well as the role of particular microbes in driving treatment-related toxicity and how the microbiome can be modulated through strategies, such as fecal transplant. We also summarize the current literature that implicate high fiber and ketogenic diets in improved response rates to immunotherapy and chemotherapy, respectively. Finally, we discuss the relevance of these findings in the context of patient care, advocate for a holistic approach to cancer treatment, and comment on the next frontier of targeted gut and tumor microbiome modulation through novel therapeutics, dietary intervention, and precision-medicine approaches.
AB - The gut microbiome comprises a diverse array of microbial species that have been shown to dynamically modulate host immunity both locally and systemically, as well as contribute to tumorigenesis. In this review, we discuss the scientific evidence on the role that gut microbes and diet play in response and toxicity to cancer treatment. We highlight studies across multiple cancer cohorts that have shown an association between particular gut microbiome signatures and an improved response to immune checkpoint blockade, chemotherapy, and adoptive cell therapies, as well as the role of particular microbes in driving treatment-related toxicity and how the microbiome can be modulated through strategies, such as fecal transplant. We also summarize the current literature that implicate high fiber and ketogenic diets in improved response rates to immunotherapy and chemotherapy, respectively. Finally, we discuss the relevance of these findings in the context of patient care, advocate for a holistic approach to cancer treatment, and comment on the next frontier of targeted gut and tumor microbiome modulation through novel therapeutics, dietary intervention, and precision-medicine approaches.
KW - antibiotics
KW - cancer immunotherapy
KW - dietary interventions
KW - gut microbiome
KW - microbiome modulation
KW - toxicity
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85147867216&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85147867216&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/cancers15030777
DO - 10.3390/cancers15030777
M3 - Review article
C2 - 36765735
AN - SCOPUS:85147867216
SN - 2072-6694
VL - 15
JO - Cancers
JF - Cancers
IS - 3
M1 - 777
ER -