Monte carlo simulation study on the time resolution of a PMT-quadrant-sharing LSO detector block for time-of-flight PET

Shitao Liu; Hongdi Li; Yuxuan Zhang; Rocio A. Ramirez; Hossain Baghaei; Shaohui An; Chao Wang; Jiguo Liu; Wai Hoi Wong

doi:10.1109/TNS.2009.2027903

Monte carlo simulation study on the time resolution of a PMT-quadrant-sharing LSO detector block for time-of-flight PET

Shitao Liu, Hongdi Li, Yuxuan Zhang, Rocio A. Ramirez, Hossain Baghaei, Shaohui An, Chao Wang, Jiguo Liu, Wai Hoi Wong

Cancer Systems Imaging

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

17 Scopus citations

Abstract

we developed a detailed Monte Carlo simulation method to study the time resolution of detectors for time-of-flight positron emission tomography (TOF PET). The process of gamma ray interaction in detectors, scintillation light emission and transport inside the detectors, the photoelectron generation and anode signal generation in the photomultiplier tube (PMT), and the electronics process of discriminator are simulated. We tested this simulation method using published experimental data, and found that it can generate reliable results. Using this method, we simulated the time resolution for a 13 ×13 detector block of 4 ×4 ×20 mm³ lutetium orthosilicate (LSO) crystals coupled to four 2-inch PMTs using PMT-quadrant-sharing (PQS) technology. We analyzed the effects of several factors, including the number of photoelectrons, light transport, transit time spread (TTS), and the depth of interaction (DOI). The simulation results indicated that system time resolution of 360 ps should be possible with currently available fast PMTs. This simulation method can also be used to simulate the time resolution of other detector design method.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	5280491
Pages (from-to)	2614-2620
Number of pages	7
Journal	IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Volume	56
Issue number	5
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/TNS.2009.2027903
State	Published - Oct 2009

Keywords

LSO detector block
Monte Carlo simulation
Time-of-flight PET

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Nuclear Energy and Engineering
Electrical and Electronic Engineering

Access to Document

10.1109/TNS.2009.2027903

Cite this

@article{f8c467337601486c9ed588a68f798b69,

title = "Monte carlo simulation study on the time resolution of a PMT-quadrant-sharing LSO detector block for time-of-flight PET",

abstract = "we developed a detailed Monte Carlo simulation method to study the time resolution of detectors for time-of-flight positron emission tomography (TOF PET). The process of gamma ray interaction in detectors, scintillation light emission and transport inside the detectors, the photoelectron generation and anode signal generation in the photomultiplier tube (PMT), and the electronics process of discriminator are simulated. We tested this simulation method using published experimental data, and found that it can generate reliable results. Using this method, we simulated the time resolution for a 13 ×13 detector block of 4 ×4 ×20 mm3 lutetium orthosilicate (LSO) crystals coupled to four 2-inch PMTs using PMT-quadrant-sharing (PQS) technology. We analyzed the effects of several factors, including the number of photoelectrons, light transport, transit time spread (TTS), and the depth of interaction (DOI). The simulation results indicated that system time resolution of 360 ps should be possible with currently available fast PMTs. This simulation method can also be used to simulate the time resolution of other detector design method.",

keywords = "LSO detector block, Monte Carlo simulation, Time-of-flight PET",

author = "Shitao Liu and Hongdi Li and Yuxuan Zhang and Ramirez, {Rocio A.} and Hossain Baghaei and Shaohui An and Chao Wang and Jiguo Liu and Wong, {Wai Hoi}",

note = "Funding Information: Manuscript received July 24, 2008; revised December 15, 2008. Current version published October 07, 2009. This work was supported in part by the Natiopnal Institute of Health under Grant RO1 EB00217 and Grant RO1 EB001038, in part by the U.S. Army Breast Cancer Grant, in part by the John S. Dunn Foundation Research Grant, and in part by the Cobb Foundation for Cancer Research.",

year = "2009",

month = oct,

doi = "10.1109/TNS.2009.2027903",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "56",

pages = "2614--2620",

journal = "IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science",

issn = "0018-9499",

publisher = "Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.",

number = "5",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Monte carlo simulation study on the time resolution of a PMT-quadrant-sharing LSO detector block for time-of-flight PET

AU - Liu, Shitao

AU - Li, Hongdi

AU - Zhang, Yuxuan

AU - Ramirez, Rocio A.

AU - Baghaei, Hossain

AU - An, Shaohui

AU - Wang, Chao

AU - Liu, Jiguo

AU - Wong, Wai Hoi

N1 - Funding Information: Manuscript received July 24, 2008; revised December 15, 2008. Current version published October 07, 2009. This work was supported in part by the Natiopnal Institute of Health under Grant RO1 EB00217 and Grant RO1 EB001038, in part by the U.S. Army Breast Cancer Grant, in part by the John S. Dunn Foundation Research Grant, and in part by the Cobb Foundation for Cancer Research.

PY - 2009/10

Y1 - 2009/10

N2 - we developed a detailed Monte Carlo simulation method to study the time resolution of detectors for time-of-flight positron emission tomography (TOF PET). The process of gamma ray interaction in detectors, scintillation light emission and transport inside the detectors, the photoelectron generation and anode signal generation in the photomultiplier tube (PMT), and the electronics process of discriminator are simulated. We tested this simulation method using published experimental data, and found that it can generate reliable results. Using this method, we simulated the time resolution for a 13 ×13 detector block of 4 ×4 ×20 mm3 lutetium orthosilicate (LSO) crystals coupled to four 2-inch PMTs using PMT-quadrant-sharing (PQS) technology. We analyzed the effects of several factors, including the number of photoelectrons, light transport, transit time spread (TTS), and the depth of interaction (DOI). The simulation results indicated that system time resolution of 360 ps should be possible with currently available fast PMTs. This simulation method can also be used to simulate the time resolution of other detector design method.

AB - we developed a detailed Monte Carlo simulation method to study the time resolution of detectors for time-of-flight positron emission tomography (TOF PET). The process of gamma ray interaction in detectors, scintillation light emission and transport inside the detectors, the photoelectron generation and anode signal generation in the photomultiplier tube (PMT), and the electronics process of discriminator are simulated. We tested this simulation method using published experimental data, and found that it can generate reliable results. Using this method, we simulated the time resolution for a 13 ×13 detector block of 4 ×4 ×20 mm3 lutetium orthosilicate (LSO) crystals coupled to four 2-inch PMTs using PMT-quadrant-sharing (PQS) technology. We analyzed the effects of several factors, including the number of photoelectrons, light transport, transit time spread (TTS), and the depth of interaction (DOI). The simulation results indicated that system time resolution of 360 ps should be possible with currently available fast PMTs. This simulation method can also be used to simulate the time resolution of other detector design method.

KW - LSO detector block

KW - Monte Carlo simulation

KW - Time-of-flight PET

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=70350142876&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=70350142876&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1109/TNS.2009.2027903

DO - 10.1109/TNS.2009.2027903

M3 - Article

C2 - 20559457

AN - SCOPUS:70350142876

SN - 0018-9499

VL - 56

SP - 2614

EP - 2620

JO - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science

JF - IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science

IS - 5

M1 - 5280491

ER -

Monte carlo simulation study on the time resolution of a PMT-quadrant-sharing LSO detector block for time-of-flight PET

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Cite this