TY - JOUR
T1 - Myeloid sarcoma
AU - Shahin, Omar A.
AU - Ravandi, Farhad
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
PY - 2020/3/1
Y1 - 2020/3/1
N2 - Purpose of reviewMyeloid sarcoma; also known as granulocytic sarcoma and chloroma, often occurs concomitantly with AML, and rarely without bone marrow involvement. In this article, we review the recent literature on myeloid sarcoma, focusing on treatment approach for this rare disease, and addressing the prognostic and therapeutic role of molecular and cytogenetic aberrations.Recent findingsMolecular testing and cytogenetics are important adjunct to conventional diagnostic methods. The significance of cytogenetic and molecular abnormalities in myeloid sarcoma is not completely established, but testing for targetable mutations on myeloid sarcoma cells is feasible, imperative, and may guide treatment decisions. Outcomes in myeloid sarcoma largely depend on the background of its development. Almost all patients with myeloid sarcoma eventually develop AML typically in a short period after its diagnosis; therefore, remission induction treatment using AML type chemotherapy has been the standard of care. Postremission therapy is controversial; allogenic SCT, radiotherapy or consolidation chemotherapy should be considered according to patient risk.SummaryFurther research is required to understand the nature of myeloid sarcoma, and inclusion of patients with this condition in clinical trials should be considered to better identify the best diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic approach in managing this rare disease.
AB - Purpose of reviewMyeloid sarcoma; also known as granulocytic sarcoma and chloroma, often occurs concomitantly with AML, and rarely without bone marrow involvement. In this article, we review the recent literature on myeloid sarcoma, focusing on treatment approach for this rare disease, and addressing the prognostic and therapeutic role of molecular and cytogenetic aberrations.Recent findingsMolecular testing and cytogenetics are important adjunct to conventional diagnostic methods. The significance of cytogenetic and molecular abnormalities in myeloid sarcoma is not completely established, but testing for targetable mutations on myeloid sarcoma cells is feasible, imperative, and may guide treatment decisions. Outcomes in myeloid sarcoma largely depend on the background of its development. Almost all patients with myeloid sarcoma eventually develop AML typically in a short period after its diagnosis; therefore, remission induction treatment using AML type chemotherapy has been the standard of care. Postremission therapy is controversial; allogenic SCT, radiotherapy or consolidation chemotherapy should be considered according to patient risk.SummaryFurther research is required to understand the nature of myeloid sarcoma, and inclusion of patients with this condition in clinical trials should be considered to better identify the best diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic approach in managing this rare disease.
KW - chloroma
KW - extramedullary leukemia
KW - myeloid sarcoma
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U2 - 10.1097/MOH.0000000000000571
DO - 10.1097/MOH.0000000000000571
M3 - Review article
C2 - 31904666
AN - SCOPUS:85078685337
SN - 1065-6251
VL - 27
SP - 88
EP - 94
JO - Current opinion in hematology
JF - Current opinion in hematology
IS - 2
ER -