TY - JOUR
T1 - Negative reinforcement smoking outcome expectancies are associated with affective response to acute nicotine administration and abstinence
AU - Robinson, Jason D.
AU - Lam, Cho Y.
AU - Carter, Brian L.
AU - Wetter, David W.
AU - Cinciripini, Paul M.
N1 - Funding Information:
This project was supported by State of Texas Tobacco Settlement Funds and a National Cancer Institute grant ( P50CA70907 ) awarded to Paul M. Cinciripini, a career development grant (K23DA024697) and an MD Anderson Education Program in Cancer Prevention Postdoctoral Fellowship Grant ( R25CA57730 ) to Jason D. Robinson, and a career development grant to Brian L. Carter (K07CA92209). Pharmacia & Upjohn, Inc. provided the nicotine and placebo nasal spray. None of the funding sources had a role in the design, collection, analysis, interpretation, or write-up of the data, or in the decision to submit the paper for publication.
PY - 2012/1/1
Y1 - 2012/1/1
N2 - Background: Negative affect is an important predictor of smoking behavior, and many smokers believe that smoking reduces negative affect. However, it is unclear whether such beliefs, known as negative reinforcement smoking outcome expectancies (NRSOE), are associated with changes in negative affect in response to nicotine deprivation and administration. Methods: Smokers (N = 114) participated in 4 sessions that balanced overnight smoking deprivation (12-h deprived vs. ad lib) and nasal spray administration (nicotine vs. placebo). Corrugator supercilii (COR) EMG, skin conductance (SCR), and in-session ratings were collected while the participants viewed affective, cigarette-related, and neutral slides. Retrospective questionnaire data were collected prior to slide viewing. NRSOE were determined using the Smoking Consequences Questionnaire - Adult Nicotine Affect Reduction scale (SCQ-NAR). Results: High scores on the SCQ-NAR were associated with smaller COR EMG to unpleasant slides following nicotine nasal spray administration compared to placebo spray, regardless of overnight deprivation. Smokers who had high scores on the SCQ-NAR had smaller SCR, following nicotine nasal spray administration compared to placebo spray, but only after overnight deprivation. The in-session ratings and retrospective questionnaire measures indicated that smokers who had high scores on the SCQ-NAR experienced greater negative affect and craving, and less positive affect, than smokers with low scores on the SCQ-NAR, regardless of nicotine exposure. Conclusions: Our questionnaire results suggest that while smokers who have high NRSOE self-report greater overall levels of negative affect and craving, while the psychophysiological data suggest that such smokers may experience negative affect reduction when blindly administered a dose of nicotine.
AB - Background: Negative affect is an important predictor of smoking behavior, and many smokers believe that smoking reduces negative affect. However, it is unclear whether such beliefs, known as negative reinforcement smoking outcome expectancies (NRSOE), are associated with changes in negative affect in response to nicotine deprivation and administration. Methods: Smokers (N = 114) participated in 4 sessions that balanced overnight smoking deprivation (12-h deprived vs. ad lib) and nasal spray administration (nicotine vs. placebo). Corrugator supercilii (COR) EMG, skin conductance (SCR), and in-session ratings were collected while the participants viewed affective, cigarette-related, and neutral slides. Retrospective questionnaire data were collected prior to slide viewing. NRSOE were determined using the Smoking Consequences Questionnaire - Adult Nicotine Affect Reduction scale (SCQ-NAR). Results: High scores on the SCQ-NAR were associated with smaller COR EMG to unpleasant slides following nicotine nasal spray administration compared to placebo spray, regardless of overnight deprivation. Smokers who had high scores on the SCQ-NAR had smaller SCR, following nicotine nasal spray administration compared to placebo spray, but only after overnight deprivation. The in-session ratings and retrospective questionnaire measures indicated that smokers who had high scores on the SCQ-NAR experienced greater negative affect and craving, and less positive affect, than smokers with low scores on the SCQ-NAR, regardless of nicotine exposure. Conclusions: Our questionnaire results suggest that while smokers who have high NRSOE self-report greater overall levels of negative affect and craving, while the psychophysiological data suggest that such smokers may experience negative affect reduction when blindly administered a dose of nicotine.
KW - Corrugator EMG
KW - Expectancy
KW - Negative affect
KW - Reinforcement
KW - Skin conductance
KW - Smoking
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U2 - 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.07.023
DO - 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.07.023
M3 - Article
C2 - 21868175
AN - SCOPUS:84860403996
SN - 0376-8716
VL - 120
SP - 196
EP - 201
JO - Drug and alcohol dependence
JF - Drug and alcohol dependence
IS - 1-3
ER -