Other HPV-associated cancers (Oropharyngeal and Penile)

Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been recognized as an etiologic agent in malignancies at several anatomic sites, including the oropharynx and the penis. The overwhelming majority of oropharyngeal and penile cancers are squamous cell carcinomas. It is estimated that approximately two-thirds of oropharyngeal cancers and half of penile cancers can be attributed to HPV infection. The incidence of HPV-associated oropharyngeal cancers is rapidly increasing in developed countries. Penile cancer remains rare in developed countries but constitutes a major cancer burden among men in developing countries. Compared with the general population, patients with HIV/AIDS are at increased risk for HPV-associated cancers, including oropharyngeal and penile cancers.